高三英语一轮语法：第05讲 动词和动词短语.docVIP

第五讲　动词和动词短语 考点一动词词义辨析 1．(2013·湖北高考)While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple. A．sacrifice　　　　　　B．substitute C．simplify D．survive 解析：选C　考查动词辨析。句意：聪明的人常常能把复杂的事情简单化，而愚蠢的人更可能把简单的问题复杂化。根据句意可知，这里用simplify与后面的the simple对应，the complex与后面的complicate呼应。sacrifice“牺牲”；substitute“代替”；survive“幸存”。 2．(2013·新课标卷Ⅰ)Try not to cough more than you can ________ since it may cause problems to your lungs. A．check B．allow C．stop D．help 解析：选D　考查动词辨析。句意：尽量不要过多咳嗽，因为咳嗽过多可能引发你的肺部问题。not more than one can help意为“能少尽量少”，符合句意。 3．(2013·浙江高考)A good listener takes part in the conversation, ________ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing. A．realizing B．copying C．offering D．misunderstanding 解析：选C　考查动词辨析。句意：善于倾听的人在谈话的时候，往往会提出想法和问题，从而使得谈话能流畅地进行下去。offer“提供，主动提出”，符合句意。realize“意识到”；copy“复制”；misunderstand“误解”。 考点二动词短语辨析 4．(2013·湖北高考)In much of the animal world, night is the time ________ for sleep — pure and simple. A．set aside　　　　　　　　B．set down C．set off D．set up 解析：选A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在很多动物世界里，夜晚完全是用来睡觉的时间。pure and simple“完全是，不折不扣是”。set aside“留出，拨出(时间等)”，符合句意。set down“写下”；set off“出发，引起”；set up“建立”。 5．(2013·湖北高考)Butterflies ________ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect. A．carry on B．feed on C．put on D．focus on 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：蝴蝶以花产生的一种甜甜的液体为食，蜜蜂和别的昆虫则采集这种液体。carry on“继续”；feed on“以……为食物”；put on“上演，穿上”；focus on“集中(注意力、精力等于……上)”。根据句意可知应选B。 6．(2013·辽宁高考)Briggs will ________ as general manager when Mitchell retires. A．get away B．take over C．set off D．run out 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：米切尔退休时布里格斯将接任总经理职务。take over“接管，接收”，符合句意。get away“脱身”；set off“出发”；run out“用完”。 7．(2013·江西高考)Mother always complains that children ________ their shoes very quickly. A．find out B．wash out C．wear out D．set out 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：母亲总是抱怨孩子们的鞋很快就穿破了。wear out“用坏，(使)磨损”，符合语境。find out“查明”；wash out“把……洗掉”；set out“启程，动身”。 一、动词词义辨析 ①It is thought by some people that E-books might substitute traditional books in the future because of va