澳科大西通英文班复习资料1.docxVIP

Demos.人民The population of an ancient Greek state, considered a political entity; population; the common people.Troy特洛伊? ? / 3Troy was a city, factual and legendary, located in northwest Anatolia in what is now Turkey, southeast of the Dardanelles and beside Mount Ida. It is best known for being the setting of the Trojan War described in the Greek Epic Cycle and especially in the Iliad, one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer. Metrical evidence from the Iliad and the Odyssey seems to show that the name ?λιον (Ilion) formerly began with a digamma: ??λιον (Wilion). This was later supported by the Hittite form Wilusa.A new city called Ilium was founded on the site in the reign of the Roman EmperorAugustus. It flourished until the establishment of Constantinople and declined gradually during the Byzantine era.In 1865, English archaeologist Frank Calvert excavated trial trenches in a field he had bought from a local farmer at Hisarl?k. This excavations revealed several cities built in succession. Schliemann was at first skeptical about the identification of Hissarlik with Troy, but was persuaded by Calvert and took over Calverts excavations on the eastern half of the Hissarlik site, which was on Calverts property. Troy VII has been identified with the HittiteWilusa, the probable origin of the Greek ?λιον, and is generally (but not conclusively) identified with Homeric Troy.Modern archaeologists associate Homeric Troy with archaeological Troy VII.[Today, the hill at Hisarlik has given its name to a small village near the ruins, supporting the tourist trade visiting the Troia archaeological site. It lies within the province of ?anakkale, some 30 km south-west of the provincial capital, also called ?anakkale.Troia was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1998.TragedyTragedyis a form of drama based on human suffering that invokes in its audience an accompanying catharsis or pleasure in the viewing. While many cultures have developed forms that provoke this paradox