co2捕集回收技术.docVIP

CO2捕集回收技术研究 黄绍兰 童 华 王京刚 戎 丽 (北京化工大学环境工程系，北京100029) 摘要 主要介绍了常用的胺化合物吸收法、钙基吸收剂法、金属氧化物法等C02捕集回收技术的必威体育精装版研究进展及存在的问 题，综合对比了各种方法的优缺点：胺化合物吸收法吸收速率快，但再生能耗较高，因此开发“高效低耗”的复合吸收剂成为研究的重 点；钙基吸收剂法在高温环境下对COz的吸收有较好的效果，但吸收剂的碳酸化转化率及热稳定性是有待解决的关键问题；金属氧 化物法具有高的COz吸收效率，但成本较高。在此基础上，探索了COz捕集回收技术改进工艺，提出改善吸收剂性能、开发高效低 耗的C0z选择性吸收剂将成为今后C02捕集回收技术的研究方向。 关键词 c0z捕集 胺化合物吸收 钙基吸收 金属氧化物 Review of C02 trapping and recycling methods Huang Shaolan，Tong Hua，Wang Jinggang，Rong Li．(Department of Environmental Engineering，Beijing UniverMty of Chemical Technology，Beijing 100029) Abstract： A review of recent research advancements in CO2 trapping and recycling methods was presented，in～ cluding solvent absorption，absorption on solid absorbents，membrane separation and pressure swing adsorption．The current status，process improvements，advantages and disadvantages of these methods are analyzed and compared． Amine based solvents are effective for removing CO2 at the ambient temperature；however，the solvent regeneration step is very energy intensive．Performance of several simple／compound amine solvents and the direction of continuing research in this approach are given．Calcium based absorbents are low cost and highly effective for absorption of CO2 in hig—temperature environment；the declining capacity upon regeneration and thermal stability are issues tO be re— solved before they may be commonly employed．Metal oxide absorbents(Li2 ZrO3，Li4 SiO4)are also very effective for removing CO2 at fl high temperature but more costly and difficult to regenerate．Several improvements of those meth— ods are also presented．More research is necessary to develop the most COSt effective C02 trapping and recycling meth— od for a specific case of application． Keywords： C02 trapping；amine compounds absorption；Ca—absorption；metal oxide 近年来，温室效应已成为全球性的气候问题，给 社会和经济带来了严重的负面影响。Co：对温室效 应的贡献占60％ 以上[1 J2”。随着全球工业化进程的 加快，世界CO。排放量增加，其中中国C0。总排放量 仅次于美国，列世界第2位，并呈现不断增长趋势。 预计到2010年，中国C0。总排放量将位居世界第一 位，约占世界C02排放量的1／5。因此，控制和减少 C02排放量对解决温室效应具有重要的现实意义。 目前，工业捕集C0 的手段有化学