超声波智能测厚仪.docVIP

智能测厚仪 [摘要]本课题设计的是一种基于单片机和传感器的厚度智能检测系统。实现了对钢材的无损检测。在本课题中采用超声波传感器,采用当前流行有脉冲反射式测量。本设计中采用40KHz超声波穿透钢板，计算超声波在钢板内部往返行程所用时间，来得到要求的厚度。在接收模块中采用专用的30KHz方波接收芯片，单片机以中断的方式准确无丢失的接收返回的信号。本系统采用模块化设计，整个系统由传感器模块、单片机控制模块、液晶显示模块组成。系统以单片机为核心，以超声波传感器作为测量元件，采集并存储传感器的测量数据，最终以液晶模块显示。并有开机校准和厚度盲区报警等功能。 [关键词]测厚，超声波传感器，单片机，LCD1602 Intelligent Thickness Measuring Instrument Author: Xianyong Wang (Grade06,Class1,Major testing and monitoring technology and instrumentation, School of Mechanical Engineering Dept., Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723003, Shaanxi) Tutor: Yingshu chen Abstract: The design of this issue is a single chip microcomputer and sensors based on the thickness of intelligent detection system. To achieve non-destructive testing of steel. In this issue of the ultrasonic sensor, a pulse reflection by the popular measurement. The design of steel plate used in 40KHz ultrasonic penetration, calculated ultrasound in the steel used within the round trip time to obtain required thickness. Used in the receiver module dedicated 30KHz square wave receiver chip, single chip to break accurate way to return without loss of signal reception. The system is modular in design, the entire system from the sensor module, microprocessor control module, LCD module. System microcontroller core, as measured by ultrasonic sensor components, sensors collect and store measurement data, which will eventually display LCD module. And a boot calibration and alarm functions of the thickness of blind spots. Key words: Thickness gauge, Ultrasonic sensors, single-chip microcomputer, LCD1602 目 录 目 录 引 言 1 第一章 绪论 2 1.1 选题的目的及研究意义 2 1.1.1 目的 2 1.1.2 研究意义 2 1.2 测厚系统研究现状 2 1.2.1 测厚概述 2 1.3 厚度测量的分类 4 1.4 应用领域 5 1.5 发展趋势 5 第二章 厚度测量系统的总体设计 7 2.1 系统实现的功能 7 2.2 解决问题的思路与方法 7 2.3 无损检测 7 2.3.1 无损检测分类 7 2.3.2 五大常规检测 8 2.4 测量方案选择 11 2.4.1 方案一 11 2.4.2 方案二 12 2.4.3 方案三 13 2.4.4 方案四 14 第3章 模块设计 15 3.1传感器的基本特性 15 3.1.1传感器的静态特性 15 3.1.2传感器的动态特性 17 3.2 超声波测厚简介 17 3.2.1 超声波简介 17 3.2.2 超声波的传播 17 3