酰胺基团导向普通烷烃C-H键的选择性功能化.pdfVIP

化 学 学 报 综述 Review ACTA CHIMICA SINICA DOI: 10.6023/ 酰胺基团导向普通烷烃 C—H 键的选择性功能化 周励宏 陆文军* (上海交通大学化学系 上海 200240) 摘要 酰胺基团常见于天然产物和药物分子中, 利用它们的导向作用完成其普通烷烃 C—H 键的选择性功能化的相关 反应研究在近十年内已取得迅速发展, 并且这类反应也将逐渐成为构筑分子骨架、延长碳链和引入官能团的理想方法. 本文对过去十年该领域的进展按成键形式、反应物类型分类并以时间顺序排列, 依次叙述生成烷烃‒芳烃、烷烃‒烯烃、 烷烃‒羰基、烷烃‒炔烃及烷烃‒烷烃结构的碳‒碳键和碳‒氮、碳‒氧等碳‒杂原子键的反应. 论述主要集中在反应的表现、 改进及其合成应用, 以及反应机理讨论等. 关键词 C—H 键活化; 烷烃; 功能化; 酰胺; 导向基团 Selective Functionalization of Normal Alkyl C—H Bonds Using Amides as Directing Groups Zhou, Lihong Lu, Wenjun * (Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240) 3 Abstract Normal alkyl C—H bonds refer to those sp C—H bonds not linking with any carbon functional groups or hetero- atoms at their adjacent positions. They are fundamental chemical bonds, which are widespread both in raw materials such as petroleum oil, natural gas etc. for chemical industries and in various kinds of intermediates for chemical syntheses. Selective transformation of these ubiquitous alkyl C—H bonds into new carbon-carbon, carbon-nitrogen, or carbon-oxygen bonds is an ideal method in construction of molecular skeletons, extension of carbon-chains and introduction of functional groups, which