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用戶程式︰ BOOL ReadFile( HANDLE hFile, LPVOID lpBuffer, DWORD nNumberOfBytesToRead, LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesRead, LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped ); 或者︰ BOOL WriteFile( HANDLE hFile, LPCVOID lpBuffer, DWORD nNumberOfBytesToWrite, LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesWritten, LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped ); buffered 模式 PVOID uva; // user-mode virtual buffer address ULONG length; // length of user-mode buffer PVOID sva = ExAllocatePoolWithQuota(NonPagedPoolCacheAligned, length); if (writing) RtlCopyMemory(sva, uva, length); Irp-AssociatedIrp.SystemBuffer = sva; PIO_STACK_LOCATION stack = IoGetNextIrpStackLocation(Irp); if (reading) stack-Parameters.Read.Length = length; else stack-Parameters.Write.Length = length; code to send and await IRP if (reading) RtlCopyMemory(uva, sva, length); ExFreePool(sva); Direct 模式︰ KPROCESSOR_MODE mode; // either KernelMode or UserMode PMDL mdl = IoAllocateMdl(uva, length, FALSE, TRUE, Irp); MmProbeAndLockPages(mdl, mode, reading ? IoWriteAccess : IoReadAccess); code to send and await IRP MmUnlockPages(mdl); ExFreePool(mdl); Neither 模式 Irp-UserBuffer = uva; PIO_STACK_LOCATION stack = IoGetNextIrpStackLocation(Irp); if (reading) stack-Parameters.Read.Length = length; else stack-Parameters.Write.Length = length; code to send and await IRP  宏或函數 描述 IoAllocateMdl 創建MDL IoBuildPartialMdl 創建一個已存在MDL的子MDL IoFreeMdl 銷毀MDL MmBuildMdlForNonPagedPool 修改MDL以描述內核模式中一個非分頁內存區域 MmGetMdlByteCount 取緩沖區位元組大小 MmGetMdlByteOffset 取緩沖區在第一個內存頁中的偏移 MmGetMdlVirtualAddress 取虛擬位址 MmGetSystemAddressForMdl 創建映射到同一內存位置的內核模式虛擬位址 MmGetSystemAddressForMdlSafe 與MmGetSystemAddressForMdl相同，但Windows 2000首選 MmInitializeMdl (再)初始化MDL以描述一個給定的虛擬緩沖區 MmPrepareMdlForReuse MDL MmProbeAndLockPages 位址有效性校驗后鎖定內存頁 MmSizeOfMdl 取為描述一個給定的虛擬緩沖區的MDL所佔用的內存大小 MmUnlockPages MDL解鎖內存頁  存取寬度 端口訪問函數 內存訪問函數 8位 READ_PORT_UCHARWRITE_PORT_UCHAR READ_REGISTER_UCHARWRITE_REGISTER_UCHAR 16位 READ_PORT_USHORTWRITE_PORT_USHORT READ_REGISTER_USHORTWRITE_RE