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IntroductionEssay basically tells the market structureand their characteristics. In diagrams clearly demonstrates some market structure trend. Then introduces some replaceable marketing theory.Finally, introduces the TC MC and AC.An oligopoly is a market form in which a market or industry is dominated by a small number of sellers and few barriers to new competitors due to high start-up costs There are few sellers, each oligopolist is likely to be aware of the actions of the others.Barriers to entry are high. The most important barriers are economies of scale, patents, access to expensive and complex technology, and strategic actions by incumbent firms designed to discourage or destroy nascent firms.Because in E point, P multiplied by QQ can come to maximumprofit。From this picture we can know,?demand is relatively elastic because all other firms prices remain unchanged. Below the kink, demand is relatively inelastic because all other firms will introduce a similar price cut, eventually leading to a?price war. Therefore, the best option for the oligopolist is to produce at point?E?which is the equilibrium point and the kink point.Another market structure is Monopoly, it derive their market power from barriers to entry - circumstances that prevent or greatly impede a potential competitors entry into the market or ability to compete in the market. There are three major types of barriers to entry; economic, legal and deliberate.Another market structure is monopoly.Economic barriers: Economic barriers include economies of scale, capital requirements, cost advantages and technological superiority.Economies of scale: Monopolies are characterised by declining costs over a relatively large range of production.Declining costs coupled with large start up costs give monopolies an advantage over would be competitors. Monopolies are often in a position to cut prices below a new entrants operating costs and drive them out of the industry.Further the size of the industry relative t