实施动植物卫生检疫措施的协议SPS中英对照版.docVIP

SPS、TBT协定与WTO及CAC的关系 　　1995年1月WTO正式成立，是有关谈判贸易自由化协议及解决各国间贸易问题的重要国际组织。SPS、TBT协定是WTO规定食品贸易中必须遵守的两项协定，SPS、TBT协定都明确指出了CAC法典标准在国际食品贸易中的重要作用，将CAC法典标准作为解决国际贸易争端、协调各国食品卫生标准的依据。WTO的SPS、TBT协定已经实施，各成员国必须符合它们的要求，包括遵守CAC的食品标准。 　　SPS协定主要目标是在世贸组织所有会员国保护人类和动物健康以及植物卫生状况。TBT协定涉及SPS协定不包括的所有技术要求和标准，例如标签，与SPS协定互为补充，TBT、SPS协定被视为促进CAC目标即在世界范围内协调食品标准的一个强有利的工具。 　　发展中国家受益于SPS协定，遵守SPS协定提供了一个机会，可以在国际或双边合作组织提供的援助下，改善国家食品安全规划，这将促成对国内消费者健康的更充分保护并能提高出口产品在世界市场上的信誉，如果发展中的出口国家遵守TBT、SPS协定，它们受到出口国任意限制的情况就会减少。 Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures(SPS) Members, 各成员： ?Reaffirming that no Member should be prevented from adopting or enforcing measures necessary to protect human, animal or plant life? or health, subject to the requirement that these measures are not applied in a manner which would constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination between Members where the same conditions prevail or a disguised restriction on international trade; 重申不应阻止各成员采纳或实施为保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康所必须的措施。只要这些措施的实施方式，不在情形相同的成员之间构成任意或不合理的歧视，或对国际贸易构成变相的限制； Desiring to improve the human health, animal health and phytosanitary situation in all Members; 期望改善各成员的人民健康、动物健康和植物卫生状况； Noting that sanitary and phytosanitary measures are often applied on the basis of bilateral agreements or protocols; 注意到动植物卫生检疫措施通常以双边协议或议定书为基础实施； ?Desiring the establishment of a multilateral framework of rules and disciplines to guide the development, adoption and enforcement of sanitary and phytosanitary measures in order to minimize their? negative effects on trade; 期望建立规则和纪律的多边框架，以指导动植物卫生检疫措施的制定、采用和实施，从而使其对贸易的消极作用降到最小； ?Recognizing the important contribution that international standards, guidelines and recommendations can make in this regard; 承认国际标准、准则和建议可以在该领域能作出重大贡献； Desiring to further the use of harmonized sanitary and phytosanitary measures between Members, on the basis of international standards, guidelines and recommendations developed by the relevant international organizations, including the Codex Al