新型传感器设计.doc

摘 要 在科学技术高速发展的现代社会中，人类已经入瞬息万变的信息时代，人们在日常生活，生产过程中，主要依靠检测技术对信息经获取、筛选和传输，来实现制动控制，自动调节，目前我国已将检测技术列入优先发展的科学技术之一。 由于微电子技术，光电半导体技术，光导纤维技术以及光栅技术的发展，使得光电传感器的应用与日俱增。这种传感器具有结构简单、非接触、高可靠性、高精度、可测参数多、反应快以及结构简单,形式灵活多样等优点，在自动检测技术中得到了广泛应用，它一种是以光电效应为理论基础，由光电材料构成的器件。 光电效应通常分为外光电效应和内光电效应两大类。外光电效应是指在光照射下，电子逸出物体表面的外发射的现象，也称光电发射效应，基于这种效应的光电器件有光电管、光电倍增管等。内光电效应是指入射的光强改变物质导电率的物理现象，称为光电导效应，大多数光电控制应用的传感器，如光敏电阻、光敏二极管、光敏三极管、硅光电池等都属于内光电效应类传感器。 关键词：新型，传感器，光电 Abstract In science and technology high speed development of modern society, mankind has into rapidly changing information era, people in daily life, the production process, rely mainly on detection technology for information by acquiring, screening and transmission, to achieve the brake control, automatic adjustment, at present our country has put detection techniques listed in one of the priority to the development of science and technology. Because of microelectronics technology, photoelectric semiconductor technology, optical fiber technology and the development of the grating technology, makes the increasing application of photoelectric sensor. This kind of sensor has the advantages of simple structure, non-contact, high reliability, high precision, measurable parameters, quick reaction and simple structure, the advantages of flexible and varied in form, has been widely used in the automatic detection technology, it is a kind of photoelectric effect, the photoelectric material consisting of devices.Photoelectric effect is usually divided into two major categories of the photoelectric effect and the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric effect refers to the light, the electrons outside surface emission phenomenon, also known as the photoelectric emission effect, based on the effect of photoelectric devices have a photocell, photomultiplier tubes, etc. The photoelectric effect refers to the incident light intensity changes of the material conductivity of physical phenomenon, called the photoconductive effect, most of the photoelectric s