英美国家概况 Chapter 14.pptVIP

1.3 Major Cities—Toronto (cont.) 2.1 Discovery and Exploration In 1497, John Cabot, an Italian sea captain, sailed west from Britain, searching for a new route to Asia. This voyage led to the discovery of the Canada. The French exploration of Canada began in 1535, when Jacques Cartier attempted to find new routes to the Orient. Trading with the local Indians began. 2.2 European Settlement In the early 1600s, both Britain and France founded permanent settlements in Canada. 2.3 British Canada In 1774, the British Parliament passed the Quebec Act, coping with the differences between French and British People. In 1791, Canada was split into Upper Canada (English-speaking Ontario) and Lower Canada (French-speaking Quebec). In 1841, Upper and Lower Canada united as the British Colony, the Province of Canada. 2.4 Canadian Nation In 1867, The Constitution Act created the self-governing dominion of Canada. In 1931, Canada was recognized as an equal partner of Britain. The federal government’s power increased since the 1950s to its historical height. By 1961, the country had become one of the world’s most urbanized nations. During the 1970s, the relationship between Canada and the US became strained. 2.5 Canada Since the 1980s The Canada Act of 1982 made Canada a fully sovereign state. In the early 1990s, Meech Lake Accord and Charlottetown Accord both failed in a national referendum. In the 1993 national election, Progressive Conservative Party was defeated by the Liberals. In 1997 Chretien’s Liberal government succeeded in ending the 20 years of federal budget deficit. When Paul Martin took office, Sino-Canadian relationship improved. Exercise (cont.) f. The Quebec Act: the predominant French population in Quebec and surrounding places were allowed to be governed according to French laws. g. Champlain and the French settled and established control of the territory in and around Quebec City. This colony was called New France..[1608] h. John Cab