Clinical testing and analysis of tumor markers（临床肿瘤标记的测试和分析）.doc

Clinical testing and analysis of tumor markers In cancer research and clinical practice, early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment is critical. Tumor markers (Tumor Marker TM in cancer screening, diagnosis, prognosis and outcome, to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and follow-up observation of high-risk groups and other aspects of has great practical value since the 1980s, with the application of B lymphocyte hybridoma preparation tumor monoclonal technology continues to mature, there have been a lot of anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies, and immunological detection and rapid technology (RIA, the IRMA by ELISA, CLIA, the IFA, TRFIA combining the development of a large number of tumor markers in the project and used in clinical, has become an important examination indicators of cancer patients. 1 Overview 1.1 In general, tumor markers, is that cancer cells secrete or off to the substances in body fluids or tissues, or shrink to the Lord a new biological response of the body and enter into the substance in the body fluids or tissues. Some of these substances do not exist in the normal human body was seen only in embryos, and some in the body content of the cancer patients than normal body content by measuring its existence or content can assist diagnosis of cancer, analyzing the course, guiding treatment, monitoring recurrence or metastasis, prognosis, such TM called humoral TM found that changes in gene structure or function and with the abnormal expression of the gene products of certain biological functions in tumorigenesis, development is closely related with the development of molecular biology techniques, from the molecular level, so the determination oncogenes, tumor suppressor gene and its product is also an out of the TM. these substances present in the hormone receptor on the cell membrane or intracellular growth factor receptor, leukemia phenotype, molecular genetic, it is referred to as such substances cell TM. reasons for tumor developm