老年人的用药原则（Medication principles for the elderly）.docVIP

老年人的用药原则（Medication principles for the elderly） Drugs: cardiovascular drugs (Qiang Xindai), antihypertensive drugs, analgesics (morphine, pethidine), inhibiting the central nervous system drugs (diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, barbiturate), oral anticoagulants (heparin, Hua Falin). In order to ensure the safety of medication, the elderly generally advocated starting from a small dose, can be used in adults commonly used amount of 1/2 ~ 3/4, according to the efficacy of medication gradually adjusted. In Japan and some countries, the average number of people over the age of 50 increased by 1 years, and the amount used was 1% less than that of adults. According to the renal clearance rate, it is more scientific and reasonable to determine and adjust the dosage. 2 pay attention to the sensitivity of older people to drug reactions Clinical experience has shown that older people respond more strongly to drugs than young people do. The reasons are as follows: (three) the sensitivity of target organs or cells is increased, which results in the increase of effect under certain blood concentration, that is pharmacodynamic action. The two is that serum concentration increases with changes in metabolism and excretion in older adults, that is, pharmacokinetic effects. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics changes in drug distribution, combined with biological utilization, comprehensive results of the enhancement of site effect, such as the elderly with the same dose of morphine in the analgesic effect than young people lasted for a long time, diazepam drugs produce drowsiness and other adverse reactions than younger people more than 2 times. Three is the old persons self stabilization reaction ability attenuation, the drugs cause the organ function change not to have the reflex compensation, also is the noticeable question. Because of the blood pressure regulating feelings, antihypertensive drugs often cause mild orthostatic hypotension, heart failure to use calcium antagonists and