第三章. 酶（The third chapter. Enzyme）.docVIP

第三章. 酶（The third chapter. Enzyme） Third chapter enzyme Main points of this chapter First, the concept of enzymes Two, the molecular composition of enzymes Three. The active center of enzyme The active center, binding group and catalytic group of the enzyme Four. Characteristics of enzymatic reaction 1. has very high catalytic efficiency 2., a high degree of substrate specificity: absolute specificity, relative specificity, three-dimensional isomerism, specificity The catalytic activity of the 3. enzyme can be regulated Five. The mechanism of enzymatic reaction: 1. intermediate complex theory and induced fit theory 2. factors related to the high efficiency catalysis of enzymes: proximity effect and orientation arrangement II catalysis and surface effects Six. Kinetics of enzymatic reaction: Fig. 1. effect of substrate concentration on reaction rate: The substrate of the enzymatic reaction with saturation The Michaelis equation and Michaelis constant Michaelis equation: v = Vmax[S]/ (Km+[S]) The Km and Vmax significance The determination of Km and Vmax Effect of 2. enzyme concentration on reaction rate 3. the influence of temperature on reaction rate The effect of 4.pH on the rate of reaction: the optimum pH of enzyme is not the characteristic constant of enzyme Effect of 5. inhibitor on reaction rate: The irreversible inhibition of specific inhibition, non-specific inhibition The reversible inhibition of competition, anti competitive and non competitive inhibition types 6. effect of activator on reaction rate: Seven, the regulation of enzymes: Regulation of 1. enzyme activity: The activation of plasminogen The allosteric regulation of allosteric regulation; characteristics: the change of enzyme activity by enzyme conformation change; the enzyme allosteric changes involve non covalent bonds; the factors regulating enzyme activity for the metabolite; as a non energy consuming process; and no amplification effect. The covalentmodification; covalentmodification character