第三节 酶的固定化（The third section is enzyme immobilization）.docVIP

第三节 酶的固定化（The third section is enzyme immobilization） The third section is enzyme immobilization With the development of enzyme engineering and enzyme engineering, the application of enzyme is more and more extensive. The enzyme is immobilized on a water-insoluble carrier by physical or chemical means to form an enzyme that can be reused, called immobilized enzyme. The immobilized enzyme keeps the catalytic properties of the enzyme, but also overcomes the instability of the free enzyme, can be repeated or continuous use, and easy separation of reaction products and other significant advantages, widely used in medicine, light industry, food industry etc.. Preparation method of immobilized enzyme There are many methods for preparing immobilized enzymes, such as encapsulation, adsorption, covalent coupling, and cross-linking (Figure 2-3). 1. embedding method contains enzyme or enzyme containing bacteria in the porous carrier, and the method of enzyme immobilization is called embedding method. Embedding method can be divided into gel embedding method and microcapsule embedding method according to different materials and methods. Gel embedding method is a method of making certain immobilized enzyme by embedding enzymes and enzyme containing bacteria in the pores of various gels. The most commonly used gels are agar, agarose, calcium alginate, carrageenan, polyacrylamide, and so on. Micro encapsulation method is embedded in a polymer enzyme membrane, prepared microcapsule immobilized enzyme. The commonly used nylon membrane membrane, cellulose acetate membrane etc.. 2. adsorption uses a variety of solid adsorbents to adsorb the enzyme or the enzyme containing bacteria on its surface, and the method of immobilizing the enzyme is called adsorption. Adsorbent commonly used adsorbent has activated carbon, alumina, diatomite, porous ceramics, porous glass, silica gel, carboxyl apatite, and so on. The immobilized enzyme prepared by adsorption method is easy to operate and mild