第一章生命的物质基础（Chapter 1 the material base of life）.docVIP

第一章生命的物质基础（Chapter 1 the material base of life） Phospholipids are made up of five elements, C, H, O, N, and P The chemical substance of sex hormones; sterols are lipids Fats are found not only in animal fat cells, but also in other parts of the plant cells Intracellular free water accounts for about 95.5% of the water in the cell The dried seeds contain about 10% moisture, of which about 4.5% are combined water. 5%-6% is free water 2 valence Mg is an important component of chlorophyll molecules At night, calcium in the blood is used to build bones and teeth, and concentrations are lowered Yeast is a heterotrophic organism that can not synthesize its own organic substances from outside inorganic substances During the germination of soybean seeds, the water absorption and water content increased, and the fresh weight of seeds increased. The organic matter, i.e. dry weight, decreases first and then increases Fresh weight: the total mass of cells (including water) When soybean sprouts germinated, the dry weight of soybean decreased and the fresh weight increased. The process of germination of soybean sprouts produced many vitamins which were not in the original soybean. Therefore, the nutritional value of bean sprouts is higher than that of soybean Human blood pH is weakly alkaline, approximately 7.35-7.45 There is a buffer system H2CO3-NaHCO3 in plasma, which regulates the over acid and over alkali Too much lactic acid in the blood produces lactic acid sodium and H2CO3 with NaHCO3 NaCO3 in the blood is too long to produce NaHCO3 and H2CO3 Too much CO2 in the blood can stimulate the respiratory center, accelerate the breathing and accelerate the excretion of CO2 The regulation of CO2 belongs to humoral regulation, not hormone regulation Xylose is five carbon sugar, sugar Ribose is also a monosaccharide Xylitol is not sugar, suitable for diabetics Xylose does not break down the glucose that causes blood sugar to rise, and even a small amount of absorption does not affect