第一章生物碱（Chapter 1 alkaloids）.docVIP

第一章生物碱（Chapter 1 alkaloids） First, the noun explanation: Alkaloids, amphoteric alkaloids, alkaloids, precipitation, extraction, precipitation, and adsorption chromatography, Two. Fill in the blanks: 1. weak basic alkaloids are present in plants. 2. in the chromatographic identification of alkaloids, the most commonly used chromogenic agent is its action with the alkaloid spots. 3. Mayer s reagent is the main component; Dragendorff s reagent is the main component of. 4., the total alkaloid extraction methods generally have the following three categories:,, Separation of 5. ephedrine and pseudoephedrine can use their salt solubility in water of different, Solubility in water is relatively small, can be detected in advance crystallization, but stay in the mother liquor. 6., with silica gel adsorbent for alkaloids thin layer chromatography, in order to overcome the acidity of silica gel, get concentrated spots There are two ways:, 7. by pH gradient extraction and separation of alkaloids, the total alkaloids dissolved in organic solvent for extraction with different buffer pH, buffer pH value from that income from alkaloids to alkalinity. Three 、 judgment questions: 1. all alkaloids are alkaline in varying degrees. 2. heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms are alkaloids. 3. general alkaloids opticity are left-handed. 4. alkaloids are easily soluble in water. 5. alkaloids and bismuth potassium iodide generate reddish brown precipitate. Four, individual choice questions: 1. the structure type of berberine is A., quinoline, B., isoquinoline, C., piperidine, D., organic amines The reason for the solubility of oxymatrine 2. in water is larger than matrine A. belongs to quaternary ammonium base B. with semi polar N to O coordination bond, C. with relatively large molecular weight and strong basicity of D. 3., the basic method of alkaloid is A., pKb, B., Kb, C., pH, D., pKa The meaning of 4. pKa is Solubility of A. alkaloids, degree of dissociation of B. alkaloids Sol