病理生理学_001（Pathophysiology, _001）.docVIP

病理生理学_001（Pathophysiology, _001） First, individual choice questions 1. The major difference between the solute in the interstitial fluid and the plasma is that A, Na + B, K + C, organic acids, D, proteins 2. The loss of fluid in patients with hypotonic dehydration is characterized by A and intracellular fluid were not lost, only the extracellular fluid, B and intracellular fluid were lost, and the plasma was lost only C and intracellular fluid were not lost, only the interstitial fluid D and extracellular fluid were lost, and the intracellular fluid was lost 3. Which one of the following is incorrect for the description of hypertonic dehydration? A, high fever patients prone to B, thirst obvious C, early dehydration, often lower blood pressure, D, oliguria, urine high proportion 4, a patient after digestive surgery, fasting for three days, only a large number of intravenous infusion of 5% glucose solution, the patient most prone to electrolyte disorders is A, low blood sodium, B, low blood calcium, C, low blood phosphorus, D, hypokalemia 5. The common mechanism of hypokalemia induced by various diuretics is that A inhibits the reabsorption of Na + water by proximal convoluted tubule B, and inhibits the reabsorption of NaCl by ascending segments of the ascending branch of the medullary loop C increased aldosterone secretion by reduction of blood volume; D and distal convoluted tubule Na + K + were enhanced 6. Which of the following is not a mechanism for the accumulation of fluid between tissues? A, capillary pressure increased by B, and plasma colloid osmotic pressure increased C, interstitial colloid osmotic pressure increased, D and microvascular wall permeability increased 7 patients with hypercalcemia, mechanism of hypomagnesemia is A, affect appetite, reduce magnesium intake, B and magnesium to intracellular metastasis C, magnesium malabsorption, D, magnesium excretion increased with urine 8, patients with chronic renal insufficiency due to abdominal discomfort