生化名解精简（Biochemical name reduction）.docVIP

生化名解精简（Biochemical name reduction） Biochemical name solution 1, peptide (peptide unit) unit: participate in the peptide bond 6 atoms Ca1, C, O, N, H, Ca2 in the same plane, Ca1 and Ca2 in the plane of the location for the trans configuration, the 6 atoms on the same plane constitute the peptide unit, it is a structural unit the molecular conformation of proteins. Ca is the connection point of two peptide planes. The two peptide planes can be rotated by a single button of Ca, and the N - Ca and Ca - C are single - bond, which can rotate freely. 2, domain (domain) protein secondary structure of three large molecular weight often can be divided into 1 and a plurality of spherical or fibrous areas, folding more closely, with independent biological function, most domain containing sequence of consecutive 100 - 200 amino acid residues, with restriction protease hydrolysis, containing multiple domain proteins are often divided into several domains, but the domain of the same basic conformation. 3, motif (motif): in many protein molecules, two or three peptide segments with two structures are spatially adjacent to each other to form a particular spatial conformation. A motif has characteristic amino acid sequences and exerts specific functions, such as zinc finger structures. 4, the protein denaturation (denaturation): in the role of some physical and chemical factors, the specific conformation is destroyed, i.e. space ordered structure into space structure disorder, which leads to the loss of biological activity and physicochemical properties of the change. Two disulfide bonds and non covalent bonds mainly occur, which do not involve the change of amino acid sequence in primary structure. The denatured proteins are easy to precipitate, and the precipitated proteins are not necessarily denatured. 5, the isoelectric point of the protein (isoelectric, point, pI): when the protein solution in a pH, the protein dissociated into positive and negative ions in the trend becomes eq