生化名称解释003（Biochemical name explanation 003）.docVIP

生化名称解释003（Biochemical name explanation 003） 1. plane: peptide backbone peptide peptide C - N has a double nature, which can rotate freely, so that the six atoms in the peptide bond connection in a plane, the plane is called a peptide plane. 2. protein secondary structure of two polypeptide backbone: refers to based on the primary structure of further circling or folding, thus forming a regular conformation, such as Sigma - helix and beta folding, beta - angle, random coil, the structure is called the structure unit in the main chain conformation. The force that holds the two structure is hydrogen bonding. The two stage structure does not involve amino acid residues in the lateral chain conformation. 3. the primary structure of a protein: the basic structure of a polypeptide chain described by the number, type, and order of amino acids in the polypeptide chain. It excludes the spatial arrangement of the atoms except the configuration of the amino acid sigma carbon atom, and also excludes the two sulfur bond, so it is not equal to the covalent structure of molecules. Denaturation of protein: 4. natural protein molecules by some physical and chemical factors, such as heat, sound, light, pressure, organic solvent, acid, alkali, urea, guanidine, loss of biological activity, the solubility decreased, physical and chemical constants change, this process is called denaturation of protein, essential protein denaturation the role of protein molecules in the secondary bond damage caused by the destruction of the natural conformation, the ordered structure became disordered molecular form. The denaturation of proteins is only a change in three dimensional conformation, rather than a change in primary structure. The two stage structure of 5.DNA: two pairs of DNA single stranded through the base complementary pairing principle, the formation of double helix structure is called the two stage structure of DNA. 6. base pairing rule: in the formation of double helix structure, due to