how are the sizes of cells, organs, and bodies controlled细胞的大小如何、器官和身体控制.pdfVIP

Unsolved Mystery How Are the Sizes of Cells, Organs, and Bodies Controlled? Ernst Hafen* and Hugo Stocker hy is an elephant bigger than epithelial cell is only about half the many size mutants exhibited defects in a mouse? Why, luckily, are size of a diploid cell. A polyploid ribosome biogenesis (Jorgensen et al. Wour arms precisely the same salivary gland cell, on the other hand, 2002). size? While developmental genetics is more than 1,000 times larger than Ribosome biogenesis also appears over the past 20 years has provided a diploid cell. Amongst the extrinsic to be an important regulator of us with fascinating insights into how factors, the availability of nutrients and cell size in multicellular organisms. segments form, limbs bud, and axons temperature are well known for their Phosphorylation of the ribosomal find their targets, we have made little effect on cell size. Starvation not only protein S6 by S6 kinase (S6K) results progress towards answering these prolongs the cell doubling time in yeast in the preferential translation of obvious questions in biology. Rather and in Drosophila cells, it also reduces ribosomal proteins and thus in the than attempting to provide the answers, the size at which they divide. replenishment of the protein synthesis we will try to frame the questions in a Work from Zetterberg (Killander machinery. Drosophila cells lacking developmental context and highlight and Zetterberg 1965) in mammalian functional S6K