foxo and stress responses in the cnidarian hydra vulgarisfoxo和压力反应cnidarian hydra寻常的.pdfVIP

FoxO and Stress Responses in the Cnidarian Hydra vulgaris 1 1 1 2 3 Diane Bridge *, Alexander G. Theofiles , Rebecca L. Holler , Emily Marcinkevicius , Robert E. Steele , ´ 2 Daniel E. Martınez 1 Department of Biology, Elizabethtown College, Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 2 Department of Biology, Pomona College, Claremont, California, United States of America, 3 Department of Biological Chemistry and the Developmental Biology Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America Abstract Background: In the face of changing environmental conditions, the mechanisms underlying stress responses in diverse organisms are of increasing interest. In vertebrates, Drosophila, and Caenorhabditis elegans, FoxO transcription factors mediate cellular responses to stress, including oxidative stress and dietary restriction. Although FoxO genes have been identified in early-arising animal lineages including sponges and cnidarians, little is known about their roles in these organisms. Methods/Principal Findings: We have examined the regulation of FoxO activity in members of the well-studied cnidarian genus Hydra. We find that Hydra FoxO is expressed at high levels in cells of the interstitial lineage, a cell lineage that includes multipotent stem cells that give rise to neurons, stinging cells, secretory cells and gametes. Using transgenic Hydra that express a FoxO-GFP fusion protein in cells of the interstitial lineage, we have determined that heat shock causes localization of the fusion protein to the nucleus. Our results also provide evidence that, as in bilaterian animals, Hydra FoxO activity is regulated by