Bt项目在城乡建设工程中风险控制.docVIP

Bt项目在城乡建设工程中风险控制摘要：Bt项目是近几年发展起来的一种新颖的项目运作模式,它是由BOT(Build-Operate-Transfer(建设－经营－转让)模式演变而来。该模式集融资、投资、项目建设与政府特许等行为于一体,通过政策引导与利益驱动等杠杆有效地调动国内、外组织及民间资本,用于解决政府基础设施投资不足的问题,较好地体现了资本、项目管理、市场及政策等资源的有效整合。BT项目通常集中在公建事业，尤其是在基础设施建设领域。具有投资规模大，建设时间长，不确定因素多，资金回收较慢，投资收益高于纯施工项目但却低于房地产或矿山类项目，资金回购取决于当地政府资金实力及信誉，投资风险较高等特点。鉴于上述特点，企业在进入BT项目市场时需进行充分、严谨的分析。 关键词： 城乡建设，风险控制，运作模式，对策 Abstract: Bt program is developed in recent years is a novel project operation mode, it is by the BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer (the construction-business-Transfer) mode. This pattern evolved with financing, investment, project construction and government charter, etc in a body, through the policy guidance and benefit drives and other leverage effectively motivate the domestic and foreign organizations, and private capital to solve the government infrastructure investment, the problem of insufficient is better reflected on capital, project management, market and policy, the effective integration of the resources. Bt projects often focus on public career, especially in infrastructure field with investment scale. Big, construction time long, uncertain factors, the fund recovery slower, investment income is higher than pure construction project but less than real estate or mining kind of project funds buy depends on the local government, financial strength and credibility, the investment risk is higher characteristic. Given the above characteristics, the enterprise is in into the Bt project should be fully market, rigorous analysis. Keywords: urban and rural development, risk control, operation mode, countermeasures 中图分类号： TU98文献标识码：A文章编号： 一、城乡地区运用BT模式出现的主要问题 在我国城乡地区由于国民经济基础较弱，形成了资本积累障碍和投资结构的不合理，造成了更多资金资源的浪费。虽然已经有很多的基础设施建设项目运用了BT模式,但它依然是个新生的事物，在实际运用中难免出现问题：首先，缺乏相应的组织管理体制和项目管理人员；其次，在BT项目中，总承包企业对各种制约因素认识不足，从而缺乏工程总体筹划能力，并且对风险源管理也不到位；第三，BT项目承包合同缺乏规范性；第四，我国现有的监理体制不能满足BT工程的要求。如果不顾宏观环境、市场情况及自身实际而盲目投资，很容易在运作过程中陷入困境和被动，不但会影响具体运作的BT项目的成败，还会给企业的正常生产经营及资金链安全造成严重威胁。因此，是否参与及如何参与BT项目运作是企业在计划参与BT项目市场时需要首先考虑的重难点问题