环境镉暴露对妊娠结局和胎儿生长发育的影响.pdfVIP

环境镉暴露对妊娠结局和胎儿生长发育的影响 赵永成 1 张亚利 1 王继先 1 范亚光 1 诸洪达 1 刘庆芬 1 王耐芬 2 赵金辉 3 【摘要】目的 评价环境镉暴露对妊娠结局和胎儿生长发育的可能影响。方法 于 2002 年 11 月 ~2003 年 1 月选择湖北省大冶市镉污染地区和对照地区的待产孕妇，进行问卷调查和体格检查。 同时采集孕妇静脉血、新生儿脐带血和胎盘标本测定镉含量。比较镉污染地区和对照地区早产发 生率、新生儿窒息发生率、新生儿出生身长和体重有无显著差异。结果 镉污染地区早产发生率 为 20.8% ，新生儿窒息发生率为29.2% ；对照地区分别为 10.0%和 15.0%，两者间无显著性差异。 污染地区新生儿出生身长为 47.88±4.15 （cm ），低于对照地区 50.65±2.41 （P0.01 ）。多因素线性 回归分析表明，脐血镉水平与新生儿出生身长呈显著负相关。结论 环境镉暴露可以显著降低新 生儿出生身长。 关键词： 镉 妊娠结局 胎儿 生长发育 环境暴露 Effect of environmental exposure to cadmium on pregnancy outcome and fetal growth. Zhao Yong-cheng, Zhang Ya-li, Wang Ji-xian, Fan Ya-guang, Zhu Hong-da, Liu Qing-fen, Wang Nai-fen, Zhao Jin-hui. Department of Biology, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China. 【Abstract 】 Objectives To evaluate the potential effect of environmental exposure to cadmium on pregnancy outcome and fetal growth. Methods Pregnant women were selected from cadmium- polluted area and control area at Daye city of Hubei province between November 2002 and January 2003. Maternal age, parity, gestational age, pregnancy history, and lifestyle data were obtained from questionnaire interview. Pregnant women were examined for height and weight before delivery, and newborns were examined for Apgar score, birth height and birth weight. Whole blood of pregnant women, cord blood of neonates and placenta were collected and cadmium levels were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission mass spectroscopy. Rates of preterm labor (gestational age ≤37 weeks) and neonatal asphyxia, neonatal birth height and birth weight were compared between cadmium-polluted area and control area. Results Rates of preterm labor and neonatal asphyxia in cadmium-polluted area wer