示范 - 假设论证.pptVIP

论证方式;假设论证（assumption）;表条件假设的一些常用表达 1) if 2)supposing (that)/suppose that 3) provided/given that 4) just imagine what would be like if…;表条件假设的一些常用表达 5) unless / once / in case 6) without+名词或短语;Eg: 1) Suppose/Supposing (that) we miss the train, what shall we do? 2) We shall go provided that the weather is fine. 3) Provided that circumstances permit, we shall hold the meeting next week. ;Eg: 4) Look at this abyss! Just imagine what it would be like if falling down? 5) He will accept the job unless the salary is too low. 6) China will shake the world once it awakens--------Napoleon 7) In case it pours, don’t expect me. 8) She will join us on the condition that you will also be there.;9) You cant get rich without taking risks. 10) The old man cannot walk without a stick. ;条件假设论证的2种展开方式 层层深入法：从大的方面到小的方面，从抽象到具体。;endangers people’s health(抽象) ↓ Chronic diseases(具体) lung cancer （大方面） ↓ （小方面） Cough Soar throat Eye irritation;Eg1:（现象） To start with, smoking endangers people’s health. （原因解释）As we all know, tobacco contains many toxic substances such as nicotine and tar. （假设论证）That is to say, if people are a heavy smoker, they are more likely to suffer from chronic diseases. To illustrate, people may cough, have a sore throat or experience eye irritation. ;（事实例证）Medical research has already proved that smoking may cause some respiratory problems. To be more precise, smokers may develop lung cancer. Statistics show that the incidence of smoking-related conditions has increased sharply over the past five years. ;Eg2: （现象）Not all books are suitable for children. (因果论证) Since some books, particularly the pornographic books, can be harmful to young people’ mental development. To be specific, there might be much description about violence, superstition and sex. ;(假设论证)Suppose that kids read these books every day, the evil thoughts contained in the books would poison their mind gradually. (点题)How can we expect them to build a peaceful wor