石墨的特性与用途（Properties and applications of graphite）.docVIP

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石墨的特性与用途（Properties and applications of graphite）.doc

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石墨的特性与用途（Properties and applications of graphite）

石墨的特性与用途（Properties and applications of graphite） Properties of graphite Graphite is a crystalline mineral of carbonaceous elements. Its crystalline framework is hexagonal layered structure, as shown in Figure 1 - 1. The distance between each network layer is 3.40, and the distance between the carbon atoms in the same network layer is 1.42A. Of the six Fang system with a complete lamellar cleavage. The cleavage surface is mainly based on molecular bonds, and has weaker molecular attraction, so its natural floatability is very good. Soft, black, gray, greasy, dirty paper. Hardness is 1~2, along the vertical direction with the increase of impurities, its hardness can be increased to 3~5. The specific gravity is 1.9 ~ 2.3. Under isolated oxygen conditions, the melting point is above 3000 degrees Celsius and is one of the most refractory minerals. Pure graphite in nature is not there, which often contains Si02, A1203, Fe0, CaO, P2O5, Cu0 and other impurities. These impurities often appear in quartz, pyrite, carbonate and other minerals. In addition, there are water, asphalt, CO2, H2, CH4, N2 and other parts of the gas. Therefore, the determination of graphite, in addition to the determination of fixed carbon content, but also the simultaneous determination of volatile and ash content. The technological characteristics of graphite are mainly determined by its crystalline morphology. The graphite minerals with different crystalline forms have different industrial values and uses. In industry, natural graphite is divided into three groups according to their crystalline morphology. 1. dense crystalline graphite Dense crystalline graphite is also called massive graphite. These crystals are crystalline and visible to the naked eye. Particle diameter greater than 0.1 mm. The crystals are arranged in a dense and blocky structure. The graphite is characterized by a very high grade, general carbon content is 60 ~ 65%, sometimes up to 80 ~ 98%, but its plasticity and unctuousness