用拉脱法测液体表面张力系数（To measure the liquid surface tension coefficient by pull-out method）.docVIP

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用拉脱法测液体表面张力系数（To measure the liquid surface tension coefficient by pull-out method）.doc

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用拉脱法测液体表面张力系数（To measure the liquid surface tension coefficient by pull-out method）

用拉脱法测液体表面张力系数（To measure the liquid surface tension coefficient by pull-out method） To measure the liquid surface tension coefficient by pull-out method The liquid has a tendency to minimize its surface, as if the surface of the liquid is a stretched rubber film. The force acting on the surface and the liquid surface is called surface tension. The presence of surface tension can explain many of the phenomena peculiar to liquids in liquids, such as foam formation, wetting and capillarity, and so on. In industrial technology, such as mineral flotation technology and liquid delivery technology, surface tension should be studied. There are many methods for determination of liquid surface tension, used a pull-out method, capillary method, maximum bubble pressure method. The pull-out method is a direct determination method. [purpose of the experiment] 1. Study the principle and method of measuring small force with coke balance. 2. Understanding the properties of liquid surfaces and measuring the surface tension coefficient of liquids. [principles of experiment] The liquid surface layer (whose thickness is equal to the radius of the molecules action about 10-8m) is different from the molecules inside the liquid. Inside a liquid, each molecule is surrounded by other molecules of the same kind, and the resultant force of the molecules surrounding it is zero. Because the molecules above the liquid vapor layer and very few, in the surface layer of each molecule by upward gravity than the downward gravitational force is small, is not zero, the force is perpendicular to the surface and point to the liquid, as shown in figure 4.15-1, so the liquid molecules into the tendency from the surface. And make the surface of the liquid natural contraction, until in dynamic equilibrium, namely, at the same time from the liquid level in the liquid inside the molecular number and due to thermal motion at the surface and is equal to the number of molecules. Figure 4.15-1 force diagram of liqu