桥涵水文总复习题（Review of hydrological problems for bridges and culverts）.docVIP

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桥涵水文总复习题（Review of hydrological problems for bridges and culverts）.doc

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桥涵水文总复习题（Review of hydrological problems for bridges and culverts）

桥涵水文总复习题（Review of hydrological problems for bridges and culverts） Hydrology review of bridge and culvert Fill in the blanks 1 、 hydraulics research methods have three categories, namely, theoretical analysis, experimental methods, numerical calculation. 2, the characteristics of hydrostatic pressure include: vertical direction acting surface, at the same point, hydrostatic pressure anisotropy. 3, there are two ways to calculate hydrostatic pressure: analytic method and graphical method. 4, in non uniform flow, but also a gradual flow and flow. 5 、 the Venturi tube consists of three parts: the reducing pipe, the throat and the expanding tube. 6. The three laws of hydraulics include continuous equation, energy equation and momentum equation. 7, the flow resistance is divided into two categories, one is the resistance along the path, and the other is local resistance. 8 、 the pressure pipeline is arranged according to the pipeline and its composition can be divided into simple pipeline and complex pipeline. 9, the pressure pipeline according to hydraulic calculation methods can be divided into short and long pipes of two categories. 10, the water surface roller section respectively before and after the jump leap before and after the end section. 11, according to the influence of the downstream water level on the discharge capacity, the weir discharge can be divided into two categories: free outflow and submerged outflow. 12. The common characteristics of hydrological phenomena are as follows: randomness, periodicity and regional characteristics. 13, from the cross-sectional view of the river can be divided into the main channel, beach, beach. 14, the river is divided into mountainous and plain areas according to the topographic features. 15, the formation of river runoff process can be divided into precipitation, watershed, overland flow and channel storage flow jet. 16. The main influencing factors of river runoff are precipitation, evaporation and underlying surface