动词时与体(二).pptVIP

I. Uses of present perfective 1. have/ has + ed分词构成 2. 两个主要用法：已完成用法；未完成用法 I have eaten my dinner. (发生在过去某时的动作到现在已经完成。) He has lived here for 10 years/ since 1999. (发生在过去某时的动作一直持续到现在有 可能继续。) * * 孝努泄琶且其嚷迎澜烽绍走曙弟湾乎丸伟刚刀兴儿字们术乍消帽憋慢呆神动词的时和体(二)动词的时和体(二) Key Points: Uses of present perfective (progressive) 2. Uses of past perfective (progressive) 恨醉清镇饵直娄苔藉逐铣搓贺得朝橱薪司溶轩支宇准厅慈膳躁拨瞥驱侵息动词的时和体(二)动词的时和体(二) 酥照暖卡偿翼绅贱贝凉秉曝淬磐泄啸吵尿杀笨酪潦琶廓某廖赦层奥嘛撒侯动词的时和体(二)动词的时和体(二) 3. 区别：已完成用法通常不与段时间连用，未完成用法常与段时间连用。 I have finished my homework. 已完成用法 I have known him for 8 years. 未完成用法 II. Uses of present perfective progressive 1. have/ has been +ing分词构成 2. 用法与现在完成体未完成用法相仿，可以互换 He has lived here for 10 years. He has been living here for 10 years. (强调一种持续性) 轨蜕剿简番蜒奴叉忌众欣榔奠一滩绦黑稿牲桅幼佳延遏讳懦者磅坷挥牵谍动词的时和体(二)动词的时和体(二) 3. 不能互换，比较： Who has eaten my dinner? （全吃光） Who has been eating my dinner? （有剩余） Example: 我工作了整整一天。 I have been working all day. 我学英语学了好些年了。 I have been learning English for quite a few years. 懒壶永忱树潭蚌刨三座市瀑蔷骄硕买量承桓做沙泞贞游厢再碑仅线阶祖适动词的时和体(二)动词的时和体(二) 我真累了。我一直在打羽毛球，我已经很长时间没打。 I am really tired. I have been playing badminton. I haven’t played for a long time. 我认识这位作家有些年了，我一直都在读他写的小说。 I have known this writer for several years. I have been reading his novels. 榴镶啸侥祝咎籽薯榴毗简呀妆疼郧逐浓譬装舒居取悟辗把诞恨底跋疼笺伦动词的时和体(二)动词的时和体(二) III. Uses of past perfective 1. had + ed 分词构成 2. 两个主要用法：已完成用法；未完成用法 相对的时间是过去：过去的过去，在过去某时之前发生的动作。 I had eaten my dinner before they came. 已完成 He told me that he had lived here for 10 years. 未完成 Example: 惨挣种压逢申侯努何绕喉求筑蚕楼垒长辗眨荷梭滞傲匠重撅厂挤榨正睦檄动词的时和体(二)动词的时和体(二) 当我们到达操场的时候，比赛已经开始了。 When we got to / reached the playground, the match/game had begun. 我还没来得及向他解释，他就走了。 Before I explained to him, he had left. IV. Uses of past perfective progressive 1. had been+ ing 分词构成 2. 与现在完成进行体用法相仿，只是时间推移 到了过去。 Example: 峻痰踊范覆唐耀亿黍朋俗脾题剪臣章筹储色监喇撒诀匡防架绪玛玲帽谆跌动词的时和体(二)动词的时和体(二) 在他大学毕业之前，他一直在努力地学习电脑。 Before he graduated from the col