荧光灯回收利用及处理处置（Recovery and disposal of fluorescent lamp）.docVIP

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荧光灯回收利用及处理处置（Recovery and disposal of fluorescent lamp）.doc

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荧光灯回收利用及处理处置（Recovery and disposal of fluorescent lamp） 1. hazards of waste fluorescent lamps Fluorescent lamp saves electricity and energy, and its luminous efficiency is 7 - 10 times that of incandescent lamp, so it has been widely used. However, it also brings about mercury pollution. The fluorescent lamp is a gas discharge lamp, mercury exists as a gas discharge medium in the lamp, fluorescent lamp and the need to maintain the necessary free mercury vapor pressure at work (0.67-1.33Pa), to ensure that the mercury and glass, phosphor and chemical combination electrode. Mercury has a low boiling point and evaporation at room temperature can be discarded after crushing, fluorescent lamp, mercury vapor emitted immediately to the surrounding, allows instantaneous mercury concentration in ambient air reached 10-20 mg / m3, and the state of mercury in air of the maximum allowable concentration of 0.01 mg / cubic meter. The body can kill 2.5 grams of mercury vapor at a time. Thick diameter fluorescent lamp tube diameter of 36 mm of mercury content was 25-45 mg, a tube diameter of 26 mm thin diameter fluorescent lamp mercury content is 20 mg, the compact fluorescent lamp mercury content of a tube diameter of 10 mm was 10 mg. According to the China Lighting Association statistics, Chinas annual output of fluorescent lamps is about 800 million, the number of fluorescent lamps consumed per year is more than 400 million, with a mercury amount of about 12 tons. When the waste fluorescent lamp is not treated or disposed of, the harmful components of Mercury will enter the human body through the skin, respiration or food, which will do great harm to human health. According to US scientists, mercury levels in the earths atmosphere have increased by 1 times compared to 100 years ago. The sources of mercury in the atmosphere are both natural and man-made. Natural causes, such as the weathering of mercury bearing ores, are caused by anthropogenic emissions from coal-fired power pla