全球战略chapter5,6.pptVIP

Part 2 Business-level strategies 5 Growing and Internationalizing the Entrepreneurial Firm 6 Entering Foreign Markets 7 Making Strategic Alliances and Networks Work 8 Managing Global Competitive Dynamics Chapter 5 Growing and Internationalizing the Entrepreneurial Firm Outline Entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs, and entrepreneurial firms A comprehensive model of entrepreneurship Five entrepreneurial strategies Internationalizing the entrepreneurial firm Debates and extensions Implications for strategists Entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs,and Entrepreneurial Firms Entrepreneurship is defined as “the identification and exploitation of previously unexplored opportunities”(M.Hitt, R.D.Ireland, M.Camp, D.Sexton, 2001). Specifically, entrepreneurship is concerned with “the sources of opportunities; the processes of discovery, evaluation, and exploitation of opportunities; and the set of individuals who discover, evaluate, and exploit them.”(S.Shane S.Venkataraman, 2000) these individuals are entrepreneurs, who may be founders and owners of new businesses or managers of existing firms. Consequently, international entrepreneurship is defined as “a combination of innovative, proactive, and risk-seeking behavior that crosses national borders and is intended to create wealth in organizations.”(P.McDougall B. Oviatt, 2000) Entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs,and Entrepreneurial Firms Although these definitions suggests that SMEs are not the exclusive domain of entrepreneurship, many people associate entrepreneurship with SMEs, which, on average, may indeed be more entrepreneurial than large firms. We will use the term “entrepreneurs” to owners, founders, and managers of SMEs(less than 500 employees). We will refer to firms with more than 500 employees as “large firms,” and will use the term “corporate entrepreneurship” with discussing entrepreneurship in large firms.(G.Ahuja C.Lampert, 2001, et al) A Comprehensive Model of Entrepreneurship The three leading perspectives on strategy