新编英语语法教程Verb and Verb Phrase概要1.pptVIP

Verb and Verb Phrase Grammatical Category Classification Tense and Aspect Voice Subjunctive Mood What is verb? Verb is a word or a group of words expressing an action, an event or a state. Grammatical categories of Verbs Grammatical Category? a class of units or features which share a common set of grammatical properties. We have discussed categories like: Case: genitive/ possessive, subjective, objective Gender: feminine, masculine, neuter, common Number: singular, plural Person: What are the grammatical categories of verbs? tense, aspect, voice, and mood Tense Questions to consider: What tense is the following sentence: I am giving a lecture. It will rain tomorrow. I was going to finish my homework last night. How many tenses in English language? What about Chinese? Tense is a grammatical category/ form associate with verbs that tell of the distinction of time. There are only two tenses in English. The concept of time has three divisions: present, past and future. In English, there are grammatical forms indicating present tense and past time (-s, -ed), hence present and past tense. But there is no forms indicating future time. We only use modal verbs like will, would, shall or –ing to express the meaning of future time. **There is no such thing as called “future tense” in Modern English language. Aspect ASPECT is a grammatical term which tells whether an action or state is complete or incomplete. English verbs have two aspects: the progressive and the perfective. Usually we talk about tense together with aspect. A combination of two tenses and two aspects makes eight forms: simple present simple past present progressive past progressive present perfective past perfective present perfective progressive past perfective progressive Voice VOICE is a grammatical category showing the subject-verb relation as whether the subject does the action or is done by the action. If the subject is the doer or agent of the action, it is active v