西方文化导论1.pptVIP

Text Study _III_1.4.2 Main Ideas Text Study Main Ideas Thucydides is generally acknowledged as one of the greatest of ancient Greece for his truthfulness, conciseness and imagination. His History of the Peloponnesian War recounts the struggle between Athens and Sparta in the 5th century BC, as the first recorded political and moral analysis of a nation’s war policies. Besides, Polybius produced Histories about Alexandria with 40 volumes in all, coving the growth of Rome in 120 years from the beginning of the First Punic War till the surrender of Greece. But unfortunately it hasn’t survived intact and only some fragments were preserved. Text Study _III_1.4.3 Main Ideas Text Study Main Ideas As well, there were some dissident scholars in ancient Greece, whose viewpoints were quite abnormal or even different from the mainstream opinions of the day. Their chief representatives were Isocrates and Xenophon. Isocrates was a rhetorician, regarded as one of the ten Attic orators. In his time, he was probably the most influential rhetorician in Greece and made many contributions to rhetoric and education through his teaching and written works. His works are Panegyricus, Areopagiticus, On the Peace, etc. Xenophon was a Greek historian, soldier, mercenary, and a contemporary admirer of Socrates. He is known for his writings on the history of his own times, the 4th century BC, Text Study _III_1.4.4 Main Ideas Text Study Main Ideas preserving the sayings of Socrates, and descriptions of life in ancient Greece and the Persian Empire. His works are Hellenica, Memorabilia, Apology, etc. Text Study _III_1.5.1 Main Ideas Text Study Main Ideas (5) Art and Science Art Aspect Representatives Character Architecture Phidias the grandest building in Athens－Parthenon Sculpture Myron, Polyclitus famous for its noble simplicity and calm grandeur Painting vase decoration Stage 1: typical in mythological scenes Text Study _III_1.5.2 Main Ideas Text Study Main Ideas Painting vase decoratio