英文版肺功能检查课件.pptVIP

Pulmonary Function Testing History of pulmonary function testing More than 300 years, water sealed spirometer — wedged-typed spirometer — drum-typed spirometer — digitalized spirometer In 1679,BORELLI measured lung volume firstly. In 1846,HUTCHINSON put forward the concept of vital capacity. In 1919,NIANSTROHL put forward the concept of forced vital capacity. In 1967,DOLLFUSS put forward the concept of disease of small airway. In 1979,ATS setup the work standards of pulmonary function testing. Clinical Pratice of Pulmonary Function Testing Diagnostic Objective Assessment Monitoring Evaluations for Disability / Impairment Lung volume Lung volume means the maximal volume of gas contained by a lung. Lung volume = tidal volume(VT) + inspiratory reserve volume(IRV) + expiratory reserve volume(ERV) + residual volume(RV) Lung capacity: inspiratory capacity(IC), vital capacity(VC), functional residual capacity(FRV), total lung capacity(TLC) Tidal volume (VT) The?volume?of?air?inspired?or?expired?with?each?normal?breath. 8-15ML/KG Inspiratory capacity（IC）Inspiratory reserve volume（IRV） IC, the?maximum?volume?of?air?that?can?be inspired?by?forceful?expiration. It is equal to VT plus IRV. IRV, the?maximum?extra?volume?of?air?that?be? inspired?over?and?above?the?normal?tidal?volume. These reveal the maximam expansion of lung and chest at static state. Expiratory reserve volume (ERV） The?maximum?extra?volume?of?air?that? be?inspired?over?and?above?the?normal? tidal?volume. It reflects the power of expiratory muscle and abdominal muscle. Vital capacity （VC） The?largest?amount?of?air?that?can?be?expired?after?a?maximal?inspiratory?effort?frequently.? VC varies among normal bodies, so ratios of measured VC to predicted VC are used for judgment. Grading standard： ratio of measured VC to predicted VC ≥80%——normal 60-79%——mildly reduced 40-59%——moderately reduced 40%——severely r