美赛数学建模文章交通建模方面.docx

SummaryWith the rapidly developing of traffic, freeway gradually becomes the mainstream way of short-distance travel. In order to make the means of transportation become more perfect, we need to improve in as many aspects as possible. To measure the performance of a freeway, we must consider the following two factors: traffic flow and safety. These are the main aspects that we must take into consideration to weigh whether a freeway is good or bad. In order to better simulate the actual situation, we established a simulationmodel .We adopted the core ideas of the Cellular Automata Model, on whose basis, we established a new model suitable to the simulation of the performance on freeway. The key point of our model is regarding time and space to be discrete which is actually continuous. Every vehicle must be in certain discrete position. In this problem, we divide the road into many same-size rectangular grids, the vehicle must move in a fixed place. he number of grids stands for the distance, the number of the grids that a vehicle move per unit time stands for it’s speed. According to different rules, different small models are respectively established to study which rule is better. In a word the model we designed has combined the advantages of the Cellular Automata Model and the most important aspects of the actual situation on the highway. To study the performance more accurately, We have studied under the following three conditions: 1. under very light traffic load;2. under a medium traffic load (normal traffic conditions)(main part);3. under a very heavy traffic load.In each case, we have analyzed the performance on freeway and discussed the traffic flow both in theory and by simulation. We have also calculated how the drivers on freeway guarantee their safety quantitatively. After that, we examined tradeoffs between traffic flow and safety, and analyzed the how each case limit the speed and overtaking ratio. Through analysis, we have got relatively reasonable c