下肢解剖课件概要1.pptVIP

The lower limb(1) 山东大学医学院 解剖教研室 李振华 Muscles of lower limb The muscles of lower limb are divided into: the muscles of hip, thigh, leg and foot. Muscles of hip anterior group Iliopsoas 髂腰肌 iliacus 髂肌 psoas major 腰大肌 Psoas minor 腰小肌 Tensor fasciae latae 阔筋膜张肌 Posterior group Gluteus maximus 臀大肌 Gluteus medius 臀中肌 Gluteus minimus 臀小肌 Piriformis 梨状肌 Obturator internus 闭孔内肌 Quadratus femoris 股方肌 Obturator externus 闭孔外肌 Muscles of thigh Anterior group Sartorius 缝匠肌 Quadricep 股四头肌 Rectus femoris 股直肌 Vastus medialis 股内侧肌 Vastus lateralis 股外侧肌 Vastus intermedius股中间肌 Medial group Pectineus 耻骨肌 Adductor longus 长收肌 Adductor brevis 短收肌 Adductor magnus大收肌 Gracilis 股薄肌 adduct thigh at hip joint Posterior group Biceps femoris 股二头肌 Semitendinosus 半腱肌 Semimembranosus 半膜肌 flex the leg at knee joint extend the thigh at hip joint Muscles of leg Anterior group Tibialis anterior 胫骨前肌 Extensor hallucis longus 拇长伸肌 Extensor digitorum longus 趾长伸肌 Peroneus tertius 第三腓骨肌 Lateral group Peroneus longus 腓骨长肌 Peroneus brevis 腓骨短肌 plantarflex and evert the foot Posterior group Superficial lager triceps surae小腿三头肌 Gastrocnemius 腓肠肌 Soleus 比目鱼肌 Deep layer Popliteus 腘肌 Flexor digitorum longus趾长屈肌 Flexor hallucis longus拇长屈肌 Tibialis posterior 胫骨后肌 Muscles of foot Muscles on dorsum: extensor digitorum brevis Muscles in sole: medial, lateral and intermediate groups Major muscles of lower limb Iliopsoas Origin: Psoas major: transverse processes and lateral surface of bodies of lumbar vertebrae Iliacus: iliac fossa Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur Action: flexes thigh on trunk Nerve supply: lumbar plexus Gluteus maximus Origin: gluteal surface of ilium and dorsal aspect of sacrum Insertion: gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract Action: extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint; raises trunk when the lower limb is fixed Nerve suppl