第二章 英汉语言对比(第1版).ppt

1. The signs of the times point to the necessity of the modification of the system of administration. (It is becoming clear that the administrative system must be modified.) 管理体制需要改革这已越来越清楚了。 1. complexity Arrogance Eccentricity lightheartedness 复杂性 傲慢态度 古怪行为 轻松愉快的心情 2. To the Chinese, theirs was not a civilization, but the civilization. 中国人认为他们的文化不是文化中的一种，而是唯一的文化。? 3.I talked to him with brutal frankness. 我对他讲的话，虽是逆耳，却是忠言。 九、替换与重复 一般来说，除非有意强调或出于修辞的需要，英语总的倾向是尽量避免重复，包括不必要的音节重复、词语重复、句式重复以及意义重复。 在能明确表达意思的前提下，英语尽量采用替代、省略、变换等方法来避免重复。 替代 Translation from English into Chinese is not so easy as that form English into French. You don’t want to lag behind. Neither does she. People believe that the American team will win the football game. Peter thinks so, but I believe not. 省略 Ambition is the mother of destruction as well as (the mother) of evil. Work with, and not (work) against, nature. Reading exercises one’s eyes; speaking, one’s tongue; while writing, one’s mind.(F.Bacon) 变换 英语中经常用上义词来代替下义词以避免重复。 Red-light running has often been regarded as a minor wrong, and so it has never been taken seriously. When the violation becomes habitual, however, a great deal more than a traffic problem is involved. 汉语比较习惯于重复，虽然汉英两种语言中都存在重叠、反复、对偶、排比等表达形式，但汉语中的使用范围和出现频率要远远高于英语。 重叠 The road was packed with a noisy crowd of men and women, who were selling and buying all kinds of things. 路上挤满了男男女女，他们熙熙攘攘，正在买卖各种各样的东西。 Walking up and down the empty room, he stopped here and there to touch or look. 房间里空空荡荡， 他走来走去，这儿停停，那儿停停，东摸摸，西瞧瞧。 重复 要知道大国有大国的策略，小国也有小国的路线，各取所好而行。 We should know that big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own lines. And each follows the policy to its liking. 这几双鞋，大的大，小的小，我都不能穿。 Some of these shoes are too big and others too small. None of them fits me. 想吃啥吃啥，想喝啥喝啥，别客气。 Drink or eat as you like. Please make yourself at home. 对偶与排比 画虎画皮难画骨，知人知面不知心。（施耐庵《水浒》） In drawing a tiger, you show its skin, but not its bones; while watching a man, you c