第二学期第一讲.ppt

The Romantic Period and William Wordsworth (1) Domestic Turmoil (with the Industrial Revolution ) The capitalists (the bourgeois class) The proletarian class Class conflicts aggravated to an unprecedented degree. (Luddites’ movement of 1811-1816) (2) Global Revolutionary Atmosphere England’s relationships in the last phase of the 18th century with Ireland, Scotland, and her colonies in North America has become critical. (the uprising in Ireland, the American War of Independence in 1775) The French Revolution (1789) Ideas of democracy, equality, and freedom were disseminated among the populace. Fall of the Bastille: 14 July 1789 Cultural Background：thinkers Rousseau 2. Literary Trend Romanticism A movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music, and art in Western culture during the 19th century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. Romanticism gave primary concern to passion, emotion, and natural beauty. The English Romantic period is an age of Poetry. Characteristics of Romanticism An increased appreciation of the beauty and power of nature. A celebration of emotion and the senses (feeling, intuition). An emphasis on imagination as a means to attain spiritual truth. Glorification of the commonplace (ordinary) An interest in the past, the unusual, the unfamiliar. Believe in individuality and freedom. English Romanticism English Romanticism, as a historical phase of literature, is generally said to begin in 1798 with the publication of Lyrical Ballads 抒情歌谣集by Wordsworth and Coleridge, and ended in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott’s death and the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament. Owing to the difference in political attitudes, they split into two schools: passive or active romanticists: 1. Passive romanticists，by way of protest against capitalist development，turned to the feudal past, or turned to nature for protection. They endeavors to beautify life, or to distract people from the things around him into his inner world