形容词与副词正稿.docVIP

形容词与副词 一、形容词、副词的作用 作用 例示 形 容 词 作定语 a powerful country 作表语：常与系动词be，get，grow，become， feel，appear，seem，prove，keep , look，smell，taste，sound，turn，remain等连用。 Our classroom is clean． The weather is getting cooler and cooler． The fish tastes good． 作宾补 The news made everyone happy. 与定冠词一起表示某一类人或物，在句中作主语、宾语。 The rich and the poor live very different lives． 作状语：表示伴随状况、原因、结果等。 He went to bed，cold and hungry. She stared into the distance, speechless for a moment． 副词 作状语：通常修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。 I’m very busy at the moment． Luckily，the boy was not injured． 作表语(在be动词后) One of the tyres is down． 作定语（后置） The population here is getting smaller and smaller． 例 句 China is a great country．(定语) Don’t feel bad. Everything will be a11 right．(表语) She went home，tired and hungry．(伴随状语) They　left　the　door　open.(宾补) Mary was left alone here．(主补) He runs very fast，(状语) I speak English as fluently as you do．(状语) Nobody was off then．(表语) On my way home I met her.(定语) The people here are very friendly to me．(定语) 二、形容词、副词的位置 形容词用来修饰名词，位于名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记。 用法说明 例示 形 容 词 (1)单个形容词作前置定语。 a beautiful park (2)以a-开头的形容词(afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake，alive等)作后置定语。但它带有副词来修饰时，可以用作前置定语。 a man afraid(害怕的人) the greatest man alive； the only child awake a fast asleep boy the wide awake soldiers (3)下列形容词作定语修饰名词时要后置：proper(本身)， present(在场的，出席的)，involved(有关的)，concerned(相 关的)，left(剩下的)，objecting(反对的)，mentioned(提及 的)，selected(当选的)等。 The students present(出席的学生) The cost involved(所需费用) 形 容 词 (4)用作定语，修饰something anything， everything, nothing等不定代词，通常后置。 I have something important to tell you． (5)几个并列的形容词作定语，其语序通常为：限定语(the，a) ＋描绘性形容词(beautiful)＋size(大小)＋shape(形状)＋age(年龄、时间)＋color(颜色)＋origin(国籍、来源)＋material(材料)＋ purpose(目的)＋名词。可用一句顺口溜来概括： all等冠代数前置,描大形新颜国材+名词. the first beautiful little arch white Chinese wooden bridge第一座美丽的中国小白木拱桥 (6)形容词短语作定语时，一般要放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。 Students brave enough to take this　adventure course. Students busy preparing f