新初三暑假语法讲义——第十四讲 主谓一致 倒装句.docVIP

第十四讲 主谓一致 倒装句 内容 基本要求 略高要求 较高要求 主谓一致倒装句 一、倒装句和主谓一致的讲解。 二、句型需要注意的问题。 主谓一致 语法一致原则 主谓在语法上的一致即指谓语动词与主语的单复数形式上保持一致。 若句子中主语插入部分，谓语动词与主语保持一致。 主语+ with/as well as/ without/ including/ besides/ except/ not/ together with 作插入语时，谓语动词要与主语一致 而与插入部分无关。 All the students, including Miss Chen, are going to the party. 1.each 用作代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 Each of the children has an orange. 2.every, each, one, another, little, a little, much 加单数名词构成句子，谓语动词要用单数形式；both, few, a few, many 加复数名词构成的句子，谓语动词要用复数形式。 Each boy has an apple. Both girls are beauty. 3.neither+复数名词，或 neither of +复数名词 在句子中作主语时，谓语用单数。 Neither answers is right. Neither of the twins likes bread. 4.动词ing 形式、动词不定式或从句在句中作主语时，谓语用单数。 To do much more difficult than to say. 意义一致原则 主语和谓语在意义上的一致指根据句子意思主语的人称和数应是单数还是复数，从而谓语动词应与其保持一致。 1.若一个句子的主语是单数，则谓语用单数。 She comes here once a week. 2.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词作主语时，通常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数；以S 结尾的名词，如 news, works, maths, plastics 及以 ics 结尾的学科名称名词 physics, politics等作主语时，谓语也用单数。 I don’t the news in the newspaper is true. Three years has passed quickly. 3.people 一词在表示人 的意思时总是表示复数，没有单数。 Look! 3 people are standing under the tree. 4.everyone, everybody, nobody, somebody, anything, nothing, something 等 不定代词作主语，谓语用单数。 Everything begins to grow fast in spring. 5.一些词如 lots of, plenty of, a lot of 加不可数名词，谓语用单数；a great deal of , a large amount of 只能加不可数名词，谓语用单数。 A lot of money has spent for the clothes. A lot of students are going to the part. 6.修饰语 more than one + 单数名词，谓语动词要用单数形式。 More than one year has passed. 就近原则 即指谓语的人称和数与靠近它的那个主语保持一致。 1.there be 结构：当there be + 单数名词时，谓语动词be为单数形式；当there be + 复数形式，谓语用复数。 There is a pen and two apples on the desk. There are two apples and one pen on the desk. 2.当主语出现 or, either or.., neither nor, not only but also 时，谓语动词要根据就近原则与离谓语最近的主语保持一致。 Neither you nor I am a student now. Not only they but also I like the suit. One or Two days are more than enough. 倒装句 ?? 英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（ 或谓语一部分）+主语”，