新初三暑假语法讲义——第十三讲 状语从句.docVIP

第十三讲 状语从句 内容 基本要求 略高要求 较高要求 状语从句 一、状语从句的分类； 二、各个状语从句的连接词； 三、状语从句中需要特别注意的问题。 状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表： 时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before 条件 if, unless 原因 as, because, since 地点 where 目的 so that, in order that 结果 so that, so…that, such…that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 as 比较 than, (not) as…as, 例： 时间状语从句： Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。 条件状语从句： As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着， 我就要学习。 原因状语从句： Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。 地点状语从句： Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。 清单一、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连接词主要有when, while, as, by the time, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as 等。 1．连词when，while 和as 都可表示当……时候,但用法有区别： （1）when，while 都有“当……时候”的意思。when 既可表示某一时间点，也可以表示某一段时间。在when 引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生，也可在其后发生。 例：I was just reading a book when she came into my room. （came为非延续性动词） When the sun rises, the farmers work in the fields. （2）while 只能表示某一段时间，不能表示某一时间点。在while引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。 例：While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. （错）While Lin Tao came to see him, Jim was mending his bike. （对）When Lin Tao came to see him, Jim was mending his bike. You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV. （3）另外，when 和while 的区别还在于：while 引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。 例：While they were talking, the bell rang. I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening. （4）as 意为“一边…一边…”或“与……同时”，重在表示动作同时发生、伴随进行。 例：As he grew older, he became more intelligent. 2．连词before, after, since, until(till). 当他们表示时间时，他们既是介词又是连词。例： before He usually drinks a cup of tea before he goes to school.（连词）He usually drinks a cup of tea before going to school.（介词） after He usually drinks a cup of coffee after he comes back from school.（连词）He usually drinks a cup of coffee after coming back from school. （介词） sinc