二词的基本构成.pptVIP

模板来自于 * 模板来自于 * Review An affix that forms new words with a base ______ What remains of a word after the removal of all affixes ______ That part of a word that can take inflectional affixes ______ A form to which affixes of any kind can be added ______ Answer: derivational affix, root, stem, base 思考题 1. What is affixation ? How many origins is affixation based on?P17 2. What are prefixation and suffixation? What are their functions? 3. Please name the classification of prefixation on semantic basis! How many kinds are there? 4. What is the classification of suffixation based on ? How many kinds all together? OVER 1. Definition （派生法） Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivational affixes to bases. This process is also known as derivation, by which new words are derived from old or base forms.The words created in this way are called derivatives. Affixation =Derivation? There are at least five origins that affixes derive from. They are Greek affixes; Latin affixes; Norman affixes; Anglo-Saxon Affixes and Russian ones. (P17+P151) Parliament(French),pajamas(Persian),library(Latin),Panic(Greek), tank(ww1),month(old E),watt(James) 词缀主要来自希腊、拉丁、罗曼语 1.1希腊词前缀：amphi-（两栖的）,anti-（反抗）,arch-（大、总）,cata-（向下的）,di-,dia-（贯通的）, enne-（每年）hecto-（百的）,hemi-（半的）,hexa-（六角的）, hyper-（超越的）, hypo-（假的）, kilo-, mono-,neo-（新的）, octa-（八角的）,pan-, penta-（五步的）, poly-（多的）, proto-（原始的）, pseudo-假的、伪的）; 希腊语后缀：-cracy（名、主义）,-ist,--ite,-ize 请举例： 英语词缀还在不断变化和发展中 1.2 拉丁语前缀有：bi-, centi-（百、公分）, counter-（相反）, deci-(十）,demi-（半）,en-, ex-（向外）, in-, infra-（下的）, mal-（恶的，坏的）,milli-（千分之）,mini-,multi-（多的）, nona-（不）, post-, pre-, pro-（向前、代替）, re-, sept-（七）, sub-（下的、次的）, super-,sur-（过多）, trans-, tri-, ultra-（极端）, uni-（一致）, vice-； 后缀:-age（名词）,-al（名、形）, - ant（名）, -ate（动、形、名）,- ible, -ive 请举例：ultrasonic ,coverage（报道）,survival, revival,talkative,expansive,mal-practice(玩忽职守）,contestant,informant, Other or