基于污染物来源的洞庭湖水环境生态补偿主客体研究.pdfVIP

丨2016年第6期 基于污染物来源的洞庭湖水环境生态 补偿主客体研究 * 吕志贤，石广明 ，彭小丽 （湖南省环境保护科学研究院，长沙 410004 ） 摘  要 生态补偿主客体研究是制定及实施生态补偿政策的核心要素之一。本研究从系统分析的角度出发，基于 2014年洞庭湖主要入湖河流水质、水量情况，核算了主要入湖河流总氮、总磷通量，并结合2014年洞 庭湖生态经济区污染物排放情况，详细分析了洞庭湖总氮、总磷的来源，以此为依据界定了洞庭湖水环 境生态补偿的主体与客体。结果显示，洞庭湖水体中总氮、总磷的贡献以洞庭湖生态经济区之外地区， 通过四水、三口排入洞庭湖为主。基于此，本研究建议洞庭湖水环境生态补偿的主体省级层面应为湖南 省和湖北省，而省外层面则为国家作为补偿主体对洞庭湖生态经济区进行补偿。 关键词 洞庭湖；洞庭湖生态经济区；生态补偿主客体；污染物排放通量 中图分类号：X321                 文章编号：1674-6252（2016）06-0025-07 文献标识码：A                    DOI：10.16868/ki.1674-6252.2016.06.025 Study on the Provider and Receiver of Eco-compensation for Water Environment in Dongting Lake Based on the Source of Pollutants * LV Zhixian, SHI Guangming , PENG Xiaoli (Hunan Academy of Environment Protection Science, Changsha 410004) Abstract: The provider and receiver of eco-compensation is the key to develop and implement eco-compensation policy. Based on hydrological and water quality data in the main monitoring sections in 2014, pollutant influxes of Dongting lake were calculated from the perspective of system analysis. Combining with pollutant emission from the ecological economic zone of Dongting lake, the sources of total Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Dongting lake were analyzed in detail to define the privider and receiver of eco-compensation for water environment in local region. The results showed that the main source of pollutant in Dongting lake is from outerside area of the ecological economic zone, especially from rivers of Songzi, Hudu, Ouchi and Xiangjiang, Zishui, Yuanshui, Lishui. Based on this result, it is suggested that the provider of Dongting lake water envir