word stress(语音教学).pptVIP

word stress (单词重音) Word stress: the relative degree of force/intensity/loudness in pronunciation of different syllables of a word of more than one syllable. Degrees of word stress primary stress: the strong intensity on the most important syllable (stressed syllable); marked secondary stress: a less strong intensity on the next most important syllable; marked % weak/zero stress: any syllable that receives no stress/intensity/loudness (unstressed syllable); unmarked e.g. %polarization / %p@Ul@raIzeIS@n / word stress (单词重音) How to pronounce a stressed syllable: *Lengthen it: The vowel in the stressed syllable is relatively longer than other syllables. *Say it with a clear vowel: The stressed syllable has a full vowel, which is clearer than unstressed vowels. *Raise the pitch: The stressed syllable has a higher pitch and sounds louder/stronger than other syllables. How to pronounce a secondary-stressed syllable: *Secondary-stressed syllables occur in words more than two syllables. *A secondary-stressed syllable has a full vowel which is shorter and has a lower pitch than a stressed syllable. How to pronounce an unstressed syllable: *Any vowel except / aU / and / OI / can be reduced/weakened to / @ / or / I / in an unstressed syllable. *An unstressed syllable is short with a low and weakened vowel. word stress (单词重音) The stress patterns of two-element compounds and noun phrases *Compounds may be pronounced on two stress patterns: Primary stress on the first component: saucepan, grand%father Primary stress on the second component: %first- class, %second- hand *compound proper nouns normally have a primary stress on the second element, except for the names of streets New York, United Nations, Atlantic Ocean, Forest Street *In noun phrases (adj. + n.), nouns should receive primary stress: a %grand father word stress (单词重音) Distinctive word stress patterns / stress influence on word meaning Some two-syllable words distinguish the