早产儿视网膜病变筛查网络建设及其护理管理.docVIP

早产儿视网膜病变筛查网络建设及其护理管理 DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.19.208　　Establishment of screening network for retinopathy of prematurity and its nursing supervision HUANG Fen-xia， LI Ren-fang， SHEN Hua-mo. Heyuan City Peoples Hospital， Heyuan 517000， China　　【Abstract】 Objective To investigate establishment of screening network for retinopathy of prematurity and application effect and value of its nursing supervision. Methods Data analysis， field observation， and questionnaire were applied to research people’s hospitals and maternal and child health care hospitals in 5 countries and 1 district of Heyuan city， in order to know current condition of screening network for retinopathy of prematurity and feasibility of network construction. Network platform was made mainly through Wechat for doctors and managers in departments of pediatrics and ophthalmology， with timely distribution of children in need of screening， requirement of transfer screening， and application of corresponding nursing supervision. Results Screening rate of retinopathy of prematurity increased from 5% to 30% after establishment of screening network， with 12 diagnosed cases and 26 transferred cases. Conclusion Establishment of screening network for retinopathy of prematurity and nursing supervision accelerate screening work， and effectively improve screening rate. It is worth applying and promoting.　　【Key words】 Premature infant； Retinopathy； Screening network； Nursing supervision　　早产儿视网膜病变多发人群是早产儿、低体重儿及产后接受特殊治疗的新生儿等。疾病出现原因主要是早产儿的视网膜血管发育还不成熟， 发展成视网膜脱离的几率较大， 早产儿视网膜病变对患儿的视力损伤较大， 轻者会引发近视、斜视等， 严重的会引起新生儿出现严重的视力障碍及失明[1]。早产儿视网膜病变如果能早发现、早护理管理， 就能有效避免其进一步发展， 降低对视力损害。本次实验研究重点探讨了早产儿视网膜病变筛查网络建设及其护理管理的应用效果及价值， 详细情况报告如下。　　1 资料与方法　　1. 1 一般资料 对河源市五县一区人民医院及妇幼保健院出生与接诊的所有早产儿或出生体重32周应立即给予其首次筛查；如果出生孕周32周， 需要等到矫正胎龄32周后再实施首次筛查。复筛时间应依据首次检查结果确定， 筛查过程中如果没异常情况出现， 需每2周进行1次复查， 直到视网膜完全地血管化。 　　1. 2. 3 制定筛查程序 医院在早产儿或低体重儿出生以后， 需要对家长提供有效的早产儿视网膜病变防治知识， 积极履行其知情告知义务， 并取得患儿家长同意， 让其签署知情转诊同意书， 告诉患儿的监护人有关早产儿视网膜病变筛查地点及时间， 患儿相关资料应存档放好。将早产儿及出生体重低儿出生