cultureperspectives文化观念.ppt

Culture Perspective 靳贵珍 Para1 Para 2 1. The relation of five dimensions: embody(包含) 2. Reflect: “Why do the people of this culture do things in the way they do?” Para 3 Explicit and tacit Emic and etic Para 3 P72 P72 Explicit perspectives 1. everyone man is presumed innocent until proven guilty ( 每个人都被认为是无辜的 直到得证明有罪) American Revolution 2.self made man( 自我奋斗才能成功) rugged individualists( 粗狂的利己主义) Pulled themselves by their own bootstraps (自救) God helps those who help themselves( 自助者天助) Explicit perspectives Filial piety ----China (跪乳之恩，乌鸟私情) 戏彩娱亲 　　周老莱子，至孝，奉二亲，极其甘脆，行年七十，言不称老。常着五色斑斓之衣，为婴儿戏于亲侧。又尝取水上堂，诈跌卧地，作婴儿啼，以娱亲意。 　　老莱子，（东周）春秋时期楚国隐士，为躲避世乱，自耕于蒙山南麓。他孝顺父母，尽拣美味供奉双亲，70岁尚不言老，常穿着五色彩衣，手持拨浪鼓如小孩子般戏耍，以博父母开怀。一次为双亲送水，假装摔倒，躺在地上学小孩子哭，二老大笑。 　。 Tacit perspectives P73 Cannot specify why 反正事情就是这样 所有人都这样做 理所当然的 If you want to know water, do not ask a fish. * 文化观念 Learning from mistakes Control innate negative tendency Trusting them to do what is right Follow the rules More tolerant rational guiding Ways to rear children Humankind: Basically good Humankind: both good and evil views American French child-rearing practices value perception beliefs attitudes 文化是不同群体之间的互动，不断冲突，进而变迁 Conflict 冲突论的文化观 文化有很多群体组成，all culture is local ,从内部诠释 Interpretive 阐释论的文化观 社会建构各种文化机制来促进社会的和谐运行，形成核心的文化产品，文化实践和文化观念 Functionalist 功能主义的文化观 Three different orientations perception value beliefs attitudes Perspective： The American Dream Belief Hard work, self-reliance sacrifice -- ---- fame and fortune Values Equality, individualism, achievement, competition, materialism Perception Possess free will, control their destinies, future important than past Attitude Competitiveness, ambition, determination, self-centeredness from based reflect Perspective： 中国梦 Belief 国家富强、民族复兴、人民幸福 Values 自信，开放，包容，贡献，人民民主 Perception 中国道路，中国精神，中国力量 Attitude 对国家，社会，个人的关系 from based reflect *