高氮无镍奥氏体不锈钢的研究与发展.pdfVIP

学兔兔 铸 造 Nov．2012 · 1308· FOUNDRY VOI．61 N0．11 -．． -一 口 同 氮无镍奥氏体不锈钢的研究与发展 袁军平 一，李 卫 ，陈绍兴 ，卢焕洵 (1．暨南大学材料科学与工程系，广东广州510632；2．广州番禺职业技术学院珠宝学院，广东广州511483) 摘要：高氮无镍奥氏体不锈钢比传统镍奥氏体不锈钢具有更优良的力学性能及明显的成本优势，并且避免了镍过 敏问题，是金属生物材料的研究热点之一。本文阐述了高氮无镍奥氏体不锈钢的成分设计思路，分析了合金元素和 生产工艺对氮溶解度的影响，介绍了氮气加压熔炼法和粉末冶金法两类高氮不锈钢制备技术的原理及特点，讨论了 高氮无镍不锈钢的力学性能、耐蚀性能和生物相容性，对国内外高氮无镍奥氏体不锈钢的开发应用现状及存在的问 题进行了深入分析，并指明了高氮无镍奥氏体不锈钢的发展趋势。 关键词：高氮；无镍；奥氏体不锈钢 中图分类号：TG142．71 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001—4977(2012)11—1308—05 Research and Development of Nickel-Free High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless SteeI YUAN Jun—ping ，LI Wei ，CHEN Shao—xing2，LU Huan—xun (1．Department ofMaterials Science and Engineering，Jinan University，Guangzhou 510632，Guangdong，China； 2．Jewelry Institute ofGuangzhou Panyu Polytechnic，Guangzhou 5 1 1483，Guangdong，China) Abstract：High nitrogen and nickel—free austenitic stainless steels have become the research hotspot ofmetallic biomaterials since they have significantly better mechanical properties．obvious cost advantages and no nickel allergy problem compared with the traditional austenitic stainless steels．In this paper，the composition design principle of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels was expounded，and the effects of alloying elements and manufacturing technology on the solubility of nitrogen were analyzed．Meanwhile，the manufacturing technologies’ principles and characteristics of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels，including nitrogen pressurized melting and powder metallurgy were introduced；their me