《生物医学工程专业英语》Unit 14 Random Experiments.pptVIP

Random Experiments Dec 12th, 2014 New words abstraction 抽象，提取 invalidate 使无效 ambient 周围的，环境的 Ohm’s law 欧姆定律 current 电流 purposely 故意，特意 day-to-day 日常的 quantify 量化，确定…的数量 graphically 图解地，生动地 random 随机的，任意的 impurity 杂质 uncontrollable 无法控制的 inadequate 不适当的，不充足的 validate 确认，证实，批准 integral 积分，构成整体所必需的 wire 导线，金属丝 intended use 预期（定）用途 woefully 不幸地，可悲地 Notes 1. (Line 5) control：文中是control的基本意思，即控制：the ability or power to make someone or something do what you want or make something happen in the way you want 常用短语有：have control (over/of something), take/gain control (of/over something), fight/struggle for control (of/over something), lose control (of/over something), be under control, keep something under control, get/go out of control, beyond/outside somebodys control, full/total control Notes The disease robs you of muscle control. 疾病剥夺了你对肌肉的控制。 在科学实验里，尤其是医学实验中，有专门的用法，其含义是： a person, group etc against which you compare another person or group that is very similar, in order to see if a particular quality is caused by something or happens by chance，相关词汇有：control group/population/sample etc A control group of non-smoking women were compared to four groups of women smokers. 对照组的非吸烟女性与四组吸烟女性进行了比较。 One group was treated with the new drug, and a second group was treated with the old one as a control. 对一组使用新药, 对另一组则使用旧药以资对照。 Notes 2. (Lines 9-10) In some cases, the random variations, are small enough, relative to our experimental goals, that they can be ignored. 在某些情况下，随机变化相对于我们的实验目标来说足够小，因而他们可以被忽略。 3. (Lines 16-17) Our goal is to understand, quantify, and model the type of variations that we often encounter. 我们的目的是理解、量化我们经常会遇到的变量类型，并将其模型化。 4. (Lines 22-23) A mathematical model (or abstraction) of the physical system is developed.建立了物理系统的数学（或抽象）模型。Abstraction，科技文中，一般有两种意思：（1）a general idea not based on any particular real person, thing or situation，the quality of being abstract，表示抽象的概念（2）the action of removing sth from sth else， the process of being removed from sth else，表示提取、提炼。注