它必须具有容忍变化的能力。.ppt

Nucleic acids: the information carrier;Chapter 2 Nucleic acids;2.1 Properties of a Genetic Material;It must be able to hold information for how to make proteins 1．它必须能够保持如何生产蛋白质的信息;It must be stable / 2．它必须是稳定的;It must be stable / 它必须是稳定的;3. It must have some capacity for change3．它必须具有容忍变化的能力;It must have some capacity for change它必须具有容忍变化的能力;It must be able to be copied4．它必须能够被复制;2.2 Nucleic Acids and DNA structure2.2 核酸与DNA结构;2.2.1 Nucleotides / 2.2.1 核苷酸;1) Nitrogenous base / 含氮碱基;2) Sugar / 糖;Ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides核糖核苷酸 与 脱氧核糖核苷酸;3) Triphosphate / 三磷酸;2.2.2 General Structure of Nucleic Acids2.2.2 核酸的一般结构;Phosphodiester bond / 磷酸二酯键;Three prime end and five prime end三一撇末端 与 五一撇末端;Sugar-phosphate backbone / 糖-磷酸骨架;Nucleosome / 核小体;2.2.3 Structure of DNA / 2.2.3 DNA的结构;Base pair / 碱基对;Antiparallel DNA strands反向平行的DNA链;The DNA double Helix / DNA双螺旋;Denaturation of DNA / DNA变性;Light absorbance by DNA;2.3 DNA as the Genetic Material2.3 DNA作为遗传物质;1. Storing information / 保存信息;2. Stability / 稳定性;3. Allowing mutation / 允许突变;Allowing mutation / 允许突变;Allowing mutation / 允许突变;4. Easy replication / 容易复制;2.4 DNA in the Cell2.4 细胞中的DNA;Prokaryotic Chromosome / 原核生物的染色体;Eukaryotic chromosomes / 真核生物染色体;2.5 RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)2.5 RNA（核糖核酸）;RNA is less stable than DNARNA不如DNA稳定;RNA is usually in a single-stranded form.RNA通常以单链的形式存在;RNA as the genetic materialRNA用作遗传物质;RNA is also importantRNA也很重要;2.6 Experiments / 实验研究;Chromosome / 染色体;The transformation experiment / 转化实验;The Hershey-Chase experiment;What is injected? / 注射的是什么？;How did they know? / 他们是怎么知道的？;How did they know? / 他们是怎么知道的;DNA was the genetic materialDNA是遗传物质