3_2专转本英译汉.pptVIP

英译汉翻译技巧;第一讲：专转本英语英译汉翻译特点与方法;专转本翻译简介;1.1 翻译方法;练习：;1.2 . 翻译标准;1.3 翻译步骤;2 翻译过程： 略读全文，分析语法，理解词义;3. 核心;拆分组合长句 ;拆分组合长句 ;第二讲：词语翻译技巧;2.2 词性转换 ;d. 名词与副词的互相转译： e.g. ① When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor. ② It is officially announced that China has successfully launched her first manned spaceship. ;2.3 增词法;ⅰ增加表示逻辑关系或者平衡结构的词语，如假设、让步、因果关系等。 Without a sense of your fault, how can repentance and amendment be expected?;ⅱ增加名词：在英语中会因为及物动词和不及物动词的区别，而省略掉宾语。当使用不及物动词时，后面没有宾语，这时候需要增补；有些由动词或者形容词派生来的抽象名词，翻译时也得在上下文后面增添适当的名词来解释说明；名词复数有时候需要增加重叠词和数次来表示复数。;e.g. ① Day after day he came to his work —sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning. ② solve — solution prepare— preparation ③ Newsmen went flying off to Mexico.;ⅲ 增加表示时态的词。英语动词的时态是靠动词词形变化或加助动词来体现的，而汉语中不存在词形的变化，所以表达时态要考增加汉语特有的时态主次或一些表示时间的词，如曾、已经、过、了、正在、将、就、会、就要等。此外，为了强调时间概念或强调时间上的对比，往往需要加一些其他的词。;I had known two great systems. Man, was, is and always will be trying to improve his living conditions. The high-altitude plane was and still is a remarkable bird.;练习：;第三讲 名词性从句、定语从句的翻译;3.1.1 主语从句;e.g. It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not. It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.;③技巧：it不需要译出来的时候，一般可以在汉语中用“...…的是，……”结构来翻译主语从句。需要翻译出来时，可以用“这，”“即”来指代。 e.g. It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings. ;3.1.2 宾语从句;③ 有时候需要将that引导的宾语从句提到句子的最前面翻译。 We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world. ;3.1.3. 同位语从句;二．定语从句;3.2.1 前置法：把定语从句放到被修饰词的前面，用“的”来连接。 He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet. 3.2.2 后置法：如果定语从句过于复杂，放在前面会使得定语臃肿，这样可以放在先行词的后面，译成并列分句。常见方法如下：;a) 重复先行词。 We wish to express our satisfaction as this to the Special Committee, whose activities deserve to be encouraged. b) 省略先行词。 They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased. ;3.2.3 状译法。即把关系不密切，或者修饰主句谓语或全句的定语从句处理为译文中的状语，表示原因，结果，让步，假设等。 A driver who is drivi