儿童结 核 病课件1.pptVIP

Tuberculosis 结 核 病;In the world TB kills 2 million people each year About 8 million people become sick with TB each year Between 2001 and 2020, nearly one billion people will be newly infected, 200 million people will get sick, 35 million people will die from TB -- If present trends continue. ;One third of world’s population, 2 billion people, are infected with M. Tuberculosis. TB Infection rates are highest in Southeast Asia, China, India, Africa, and Latin America. ------------ 16th Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics ;In China More than 330 million people infected with TB More than 6 million people become sick with TB TB infection rate in children is 9.6%;March 24 World TB Day 世界结核病日;World TB Day24 March 2001 ???????????????? DOTS - TB cure for All DOTS : un traitement antituberculeux pour tous;Stop TB, Fight Poverty. World TB Day 2002;;World TB Day, March 24, 2004 ;TB is a chronic contagious disease, caused by tubercle bacilli . Primary pulmonary tuberculosis is the most case of TB in children.;Etiology病 因;Mycobacterium tuberculosis / 结核杆菌;;;Transmission; Infants children are most frequently infected by an adult member who is an open active TB patient of the household. 常见的传播源为家庭成员、密切接触的亲属、保姆、邻居，尤其是哺乳期母亲患开放型肺结核。;an open active TB patient;Pathogenesis发 病 机 制;Acid-Fast bacillus 进入体内（胞内寄生） 致敏T淋巴细胞（细胞免疫，4~8周） 释放cytokines/lymphokines 激活macrophages 吞噬和杀灭结核杆菌;Immunity Response;Inheritance factors;Diagnosis诊 断;Diagnosis ;Diagnosis-----Case History;Toxic symptoms of tuberculous infection mild fever / 低热 night sweat / 盗汗 fatigue / 乏力 poor appetite / 食欲减退 weight loss / 消瘦;History of contact with pulmonary patients esp. contact with an open active pulmonary tuberculosis patient ; History of BCG vaccination;Past illness history;因 病 而 异;Etiology diagnosis Culture /or smear of samples for tubercle bacilli gastric washing or induced sputum 结核菌检查 （查痰液、胃液等）;